Management of leishmanial osteolytic lesions in a hypothyroid dog by partial tarsal arthrodesis

Abstract

A five-year-old male boxer, previously diagnosed with leishmaniasis and hypothyroidism, had gradually become unable to bear weight on its left hindlimb. Physical examination revealed a left popliteal lymphadenopathy, mild crepitus, and severe swelling of the left tarsal joint, a radiographic examination of which revealed severe bone destruction of the talus and a periosteal reaction of the calcaneus. Laboratory findings and serological tests suggested an active leishmanial infection, and a Leishmania species was identified by direct cytology of a sample from the osteolytic area and by indirect immunohistochemistry of a bone biopsy. The dog's condition improved when it was treated with meglumine antimonate and allopurinol. Because of the large osteolytic area and the increased use of the affected leg, a partial tarsal arthrodesis was performed to prevent a fracture. Five months after the surgery, the osteolytic area had healed completely and the calcaneus periosteal reaction had disappeared.

Cutaneous involvement in canine leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum (syn. L.chagasi)

“…Many skin diseases have been reported to coexist with CanL and to complicate its clinical picture and diagnosis . Bacterial pyoderma, Malassezia dermatitis, dermatophytosis, demodicosis (Figure ), sarcoptic mange, cutaneous neosporosis, cutaneous dirofilariosis due to Dirofilaria repens , atopic dermatitis, pemphigus folliaceus (Figure ), systemic lupus erythematosus, adverse drug reactions, hypothyroidism and neoplasia (histiocytoma or transmissible venereal tumour) have all been diagnosed in CanL cases …”

“…4,43 Bacterial pyoderma, Malassezia dermatitis, dermatophytosis, demodicosis ( Figure 6), sarcoptic mange, cutaneous neosporosis, cutaneous dirofilariosis due to Dirofilaria repens, atopic dermatitis, pemphigus folliaceus (Figure 7), systemic lupus erythematosus, adverse drug reactions, hypothyroidism and neoplasia (histiocytoma or transmissible venereal tumour) have all been diagnosed in CanL cases. 7,12,14,16,39,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] Figure 5. Nasal hyperkeratosis, exfoliative dermatitis with psoriasiform scales and mucocutaneous ulceration in a dog with leishmaniosis.…”

Leishmaniosis manifesting as osteomyelitis and monoarthritis in a dog and outcome following treatment with miltefosine and allopurinol

“…Reports of lameness or abnormal gait in CL vary from 1 per cent to 38 per cent of dogs 5 6 13 20. However, osteoarticular involvement was found in 26 of 58 (45 per cent) dogs with CL in one report 9.…”

“…However, this was not noted in the case described herein. Moreover, none of the typical clinicopathological abnormalities associated with CL (anaemia, hyperglobulinaemia, proteinuria) were present 3 6 20. In addition, Leishmania organisms were not detected on histopathology, as this may be difficult due to the small size and suboptimal visualisation with haematoxylin and eosin 3.…”

Reaktive Arthritis beim Hund nach Leishmanien-Infektion?

“…Fälle über Poly-oderMonarthritideninV erbindung mitkaniner Leishmaniose mit denentsprechendendestruktivenKnorpel-und Knochenveränderungensind beschrieben (1,3,4,8,(12)(13)(14)(15)17). WieimF allvon Sieberzetal.…”