Management of patients with malignant thymoma

Dj, Cohen; Ld, Ronnigen; Gm, Graeber; Jl, Deshong; Jaffin, Jonathan H.; Burge,; Zajtchuk, Russ

doi:10.1016/s0022-5223(19)37426-4

Cited by 111 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…An unpleasant fact is that about one-half of invasive thymomas are unresectable or metastatic at the time of surgery [lo, 171. Common sites for spread are within the thorax, including pericardial, pleural, and diaphragmatic surfaces; lung parenchyma; and the great vessels [ 10,17,19]. Distant metastasis via lymphatic or hematogenous routes is rare but may occur [17,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid and thymic malignancy following childhood irradiation

Jensen

Antonenko

1992

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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Synchronous thyroid and thymic malignancy following childhood thymic irradiation has only been reported in two known cases previously, with a third case identified here. A rationale is presented for following these radiated patients as they age with thyroglobulin and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels as a measure of risk of the development of nodular thyroid disease and, if such occurs, for an aggressive surgical approach. There exists a growing population at risk attributable to the success of radiation treatment of Hodgkin's and pediatric head and neck tumors. The question is raised regarding the theoretical benefits of thyroid suppressive therapy in this group at risk. With the instructive case presented, radical surgery for either thymic or thyroid carcinoma and careful monitoring for decades-late local recurrences of thymoma are suggested.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid and thymic malignancy following childhood irradiation

Jensen

Antonenko

1992

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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“…Thymomas are classified as to stage and histologic type. Stage I thymomas have an intact capsule and are benign [10,11]. Stage I1 thymomas invade adjacent intrathoracic organs or structures such as lung, pericardiurn, great vessels and bone.…”

Section: Thymomasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of anterior mediastinal tumors

Mark

1990

Seminars in Surgical Oncology

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The most common neoplasms of the anterior mediastinum are thymomas, lymphomas, and germ cell tumors. Surgical exploration was the routine approach to the diagnosis and management of these tumors. This is no longer true. The appropriate initial treatment of these neoplasms varies from surgical resection to radiation therapy to systemic chemotherapy. Except for the small well-encapsulated anterior mediastinal mass, it is imperative that a definitive tissue diagnosis be obtained before initiating treatment. An overview of these tumors and the specific approaches to their treatment are detailed.

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“…Invasive thymomas are rare tumours of the anterior superior mediastinum. These tumours' clinical and pathological features and prognostic factors have been the subject of much controversy . The tumours have several well‐known interesting features: association with myasthenia gravis, histological variability and heterogeneity of malignant behaviour .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinically, the most important prognostic factor is thought to be tumour stage (invasion of the capsule and tumour metastases) . Complete surgical resection of the tumour offers the best chance of a favourable outcome in patients with thymoma . However, the extent of the disease at the time of presentation often precludes complete surgical resection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features of patients with invasive thymoma: A retrospective analysis of 61 cases

et al. 2013

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Aim: Invasive thymomas are rare tumours of the anterior mediastinum. These tumours' clinical features have been the subject of much controversy. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the optimal management of invasive thymomas. Patients and Methods: A total of 61 patients with invasive thymoma were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The study group comprised 38 males (62.3 per cent) and 23 females (37.7 per cent), with a median age of 55 years (range: 28-79 years). According to the Masaoka staging, 31 patients had stage II disease (50.8 per cent), 21 patients had stage III disease (34.4 per cent), four patients had stage IVa disease (6.6 per cent) and five patients had stage IVb disease (8.2 per cent). A statistically-significant difference in the survival rate was observed between stages II and III (P < 0.001) and between III and IV (P < 0.001). Complete resection was performed in 43 patients (70.5 per cent). Patients who underwent complete resection showed significantly better prognosis than those with incomplete resection (P < 0.001) and inoperable/biopsy (P < 0.001). After initial treatment, a total of 20 patients (32.8 per cent) relapsed. The recurrence rates in stages II, III and IV were 3.2 per cent, 66.7 per cent and 55.5 per cent, respectively. Treatment for recurrence was performed in all 20 patients. Conclusion:The outcome of invasive thymoma was correlated with the Masaoka stage and the extent of tumour resection. Salvage treatment for recurrent thymoma might give a moderate response rate and improve survival. A large-scale study is warranted for evaluating the role of the multimodality therapeutic approach in patients with invasive thymoma.

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Management of patients with malignant thymoma

Cited by 111 publications

References 30 publications

Thyroid and thymic malignancy following childhood irradiation

Thyroid and thymic malignancy following childhood irradiation

Management of anterior mediastinal tumors

Clinical features of patients with invasive thymoma: A retrospective analysis of 61 cases

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