Management of sewage sludge energy use with the application of bi-functional bioreactor as an element of pure production in industry

Abstract

The increase in sewage sludge makes it necessary to improve the direction of sewage sludge management policy and disposal, which requires a larger amount of incineration or land reclamation. It was shown that the result of methane fermentation, which is a more complex process of extracting energy contained in waste. High costs of implementation of sludge processing technology and low efficiency of sewage treatment plants in which sewage sludge is insufficient to recover energy from them, have a negative impact on the development of energy generation from sediments. The model waste system for energy is characterized, which includes two stages. The proposed solution can be applied to small wastewater treatment plants and it is justifiable to use the concept of bi-functional bioreactors in which anaerobic and aerobic processes can be carried out with much lower construction and maintenance costs. The use of bioreactors allows to exclude the energy demand needed to stabilize sewage sludge at a low cost compared to the expenditure that is currently incurred by disposal. The proposed solution works perfectly with industrial plants, due to the possibility of their creation in the time of the creation and application of a circular economy.

Trade-economic cooperation of Ukraine and China within COVID-19 Pandemic and in post-pandemic time

“…This model also allows us to draw a conclusion that should the gross domestic product of China increase by $1, the foreign trade turnover of the countries will increase by $0.617; should the GDP of Ukraine increase by $1, the foreign trade turnover will increase by $0.592; should oil prices increase by $1, the foreign trade turnover between the two countries will increase by $0.174. The carried out analysis confirms that integration intensification is reasonable [34,[37][38][39][40]. However, trade policy of Ukraine had been inefficient before the crisis and therefore now it needs rapid renovation.…”

“…However, trade policy of Ukraine had been inefficient before the crisis and therefore now it needs rapid renovation. The aspiration of the country to join the European Union and the desire of China to increase its market share in the EU confirms the necessity of further harmonization of the legislation of both countries with the European one [32,[37][38][39][40]. In the modern trade policy of the EU, major quality features are transparency and efficiency.…”

Stimulation of investment processes in renewable energy sector

“…In fact, these purchases are made by companies in which electricity costs exceed 15% of their operating costs. Therefore, such investment was unattractive for small private companies in the corporate market [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. This tool provides additional benefits and significant savings compared to PPS, the «green tariff», and compared to traditional power plants.…”

Untitled

“…• the creation of new jobs at the expense of state or local budgets. At the same time, it is possible to establish small separate enterprises producing consumer goods, enterprises processing industrial waste (Ciuła et al 2019;Koval, Mikhno, Hajduga et al 2019), enterprises providing services to population, etc. ; • the conclusion of prior agreements with enterprises regarding the creation of new jobs, including production (or the provision of services) using technology that is not traditional for these enterprises.…”