Managing cereal diseases under reduced tillage

Bailey, K. L.; Duczek, L. J.

doi:10.1080/07060669609500641

Cited by 72 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…led to average yield losses of 21% with conventionally tilled plots and 5% with no-till plots. This greater yield loss with conventional tillage was consistent with their fungal isolations showing decreased disease pressure in no-till plots (Bailey and Duczek 1996). In another Canadian study, no consistent differences in common root rot ratings were found when wheat was grown under conventional tillage and minimum tillage (Conner et al 1987).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…tritici was found to be either reduced or increased by reduced tillage, depending on the location studied (Smiley and Wilkins 1993). In Saskatchewan, Bailey and Duczek (1996) observed that damage caused by common root rot [B. sorokiniana and Fusarium spp.] led to average yield losses of 21% with conventionally tilled plots and 5% with no-till plots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of subsoiling on direct-seeded cereals in southeastern Idaho

Strausbaugh

Windes

2006

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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Abstract:The influence of shallow (20 cm deep) subsoil tillage on cereals planted with a no-till planter was investigated for 3 years at two locations in southeastern Idaho. Among Fusarium spp., F. culmorum was the primary fungus isolated from diffuse brown-black root lesions in the wetter location (Ririe), while F. semitectum, F. reticulatum, F. equiseti, and F. acuminatum were the dominant species isolated at the drier location (Arbon Valley). Increased yields resulting from methyl bromide fumigation indicated that biological factors were limiting the yield. However, subsoiling did not influence nematode populations or fungal root rots. The primary parasitic nematode found at both locations was Pratylenchus neglectus. Subsoiling had a tendency to increase soil moisture at depths between 61 and 90 cm, to increase organic matter, and to decrease nitrogen. Yield increased by 8% or more with subsoil tillage at both locations the first year. Yield increases were not significant in other years, when moisture was particularly limiting or abundant. Subsoiling may prove favorable for cereals planted in a soil-conservation tillage system, but the risk of fungal root rots may increase with such a practice. Additional study is warranted, as subsoil-tillage practices may increase yield and desirable soil parameters without compromising the benefits associated with cereal production in a soil-conservation tillage system. Key words: Fusarium spp., fusarium root rot, direct seeding, dryland, subsoiling, no till, zero tillage.Résumé : L'effet d'un sous-solage superficiel (20 cm de profondeur) sur des céréales plantées avec un planteur pour le semis direct a été étudié pendant 3 ans à deux sites du sud-est de l'Idaho. Parmi les espèces du Fusarium, le F. culmorum a été le principal champignon isolé de lésions racinaires floues brun noir au site le plus humide (Ririe), alors que les F. semitectum, F. reticulatum, F. equiseti et F. acuminatum ont été les espèces dominantes isolées du site le plus sec (vallée d'Arbon). Des augmentations de rendement résultant de fumigation au bromure de méthyle ont révélé que des facteurs biologiques limitaient les rendements. Par contre, le sous-solage n'a pas eu d'effet sur les populations de nématodes ou sur les pourritures racinaires fongiques. Le Pratylenchus neglectus fut le principal nématode parasite retrouvé aux deux sites. Le sous-solage avait tendance à augmenter la teneur en eau du sol aux profondeurs entre 61 et 90 cm, à augmenter la matière organique et à diminuer l'azote. Avec le sous-solage, les rendements ont augmenté de 8% ou plus aux deux sites au cours de la première année. Lors des autres années, les augmentations de rendement n'étaient pas significatives lorsque l'eau était particulièrement limitée ou abondante. Le sous-solage peut s'avérer profitable pour les céréales plantées dans un système de conservation des sols, mais une telle pratique pourrait accroître le risque de pourriture racinaire fongique. Des études supplémentaires sont souhaitables puisque les pratiques de so...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of subsoiling on direct-seeded cereals in southeastern Idaho

Strausbaugh

Windes

2006

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…Increased severity of tan spot is associated with reduced tillage and continuous wheat systems (2,3,22,37). Ascospores are formed on surface crop residue and splash-dispersed to the growing crop in the spring.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cultivar Mixtures for the Simultaneous Management of Multiple Diseases: Tan Spot and Leaf Rust of Wheat

Cox¹,

Garrett²,

Bowden³

et al. 2004

Phytopathology®

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Because of differences in life histories between Puccinia triticina, a highly specialized, polycyclic, windborne pathogen with a shallow dispersal gradient, and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, a residue-borne pathogen with a steep dispersal gradient, wheat mixtures are expected to be more effective at controlling leaf rust than tan spot. The objectives of this research were to determine the effect of two-cultivar mixtures with varying proportions and different pathogen resistance profiles on the severity of tan spot and leaf rust, to evaluate yield of the mixtures in the presence or absence of disease, and to directly compare the relative effectiveness of cultivar mixing for tan spot versus leaf rust. In a field experiment at two sites in Kansas over two growing seasons, winter wheat cvs. Jagger and 2145, which have differential resistance reactions to leaf rust and tan spot, each were planted in proportions of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00. Plots were inoculated with each pathogen alone, both pathogens, treated with a fungicide, or exposed to ambient conditions. For both diseases for all siteyears, severity decreased substantially on the susceptible cultivar as the proportion of that cultivar decreased in mixture. Mixtures were significantly more effective at reducing leaf rust than tan spot in three of four site-years. Mixtures generally yielded the same as the weighted mean of components in monoculture although, in two of three site-years, at least one fungicide-treated and one diseased mixture each yielded higher than expected values. Although this particular mixture produced only modest yield benefits, the potential for simultaneous reductions in tan spot and leaf rust was demonstrated.

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“…As a result, any attempts to generate novel scientific information on disease distribution and management issues should be heeded and positively encouraged. Many authors indicate that the incidence of fungal diseases of cereals is determined by the weather conditions, imbalanced mineral fertilisation, crop species and variety, soil preparation, sowing time, preceding crop, weed infestation, abundance of pests, and luxuriance of the crop stand (Bailey & Duczek, 1996;Dreiseitl, 2007). More abundant mineral fertilisation of winter cereals in some cases slows down the spread of Septoria, but sometimes has virtually no effect.…”

Section: Site Description Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More abundant mineral fertilisation of winter cereals in some cases slows down the spread of Septoria, but sometimes has virtually no effect. Some researchers' data suggest that more abundant fertilisation promotes the spread of cereal diseases too (Bailey & Duczek, 1996;Conway, 1996;Eyal, 1999). However, experimental results often vary considerably between years.…”

Section: Site Description Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of perennials as green manure on cereal productivity and disease incidence

Skuodienė¹,

Nekrosiene²

1970

Span. j. agric. res.

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Field experiments were conducted at the Vezaiciai Branch of the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry during the period [2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007]. They were designed to ascertain the effects of phytomass of different perennial pre-crops used for green manure on the productivity and on the occurrence of foliar fungal diseases of cereal agrocenoses. Plant residues and phytomass ploughed down as green manures positively affected cereal indices of crop productivity not only for the first but for the second year as well. It influenced the productivity of cereal segments. The largest amount of metabolizable energy was in the yield of cereal sequence under white clover (Trifolium repens L.) -83.23-84.76% GJ ha -1 . The potential accumulated by perennials of the second year of development was more efficiently utilised by winter triticale (Triticosecale Wittm.) cv. 'Tevo', and that of perennials of the third year of development was more efficiently utilised by spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. 'Ula'. Perennials had a significant effect on the spread of foliar diseases in winter triticale (Triticosecale Wittm.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) agrocenoses. The severity of the disease was 1.1-1.3 times higher in the winter triticale (Triticosecale Wittm.) treatments with white clover (Trifolium repens L.) pre-crops. Foliar disease incidence and severity was 1.1-1.2 times higher in the agrocenoses of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) after legumes of the third year of development, especially after lucerne (Medicago sativa L.).Additional key words: nutrients; phytomass; spring barley; winter triticale; yield. Resumen Efecto de las plantas perennes como abono verde en la productividad y en la incidencia de enfermedades de los cerealesSe determinó el efecto de añadir, como abono verde, fitomasa de diferentes plantas perennes cultivadas previamente, sobre la productividad y la aparición de enfermedades foliares fúngicas en agrocenosis de cereales. Para ello se llevaron a cabo experimentos de campo en el Centro Lituano de Agricultura y Bosques durante el período 2002-2007. Los residuos de las plantas y la fitomasa añadidas como abono verde afectaron favorablemente a los índices de productividad de los cereales, tanto para el primer año como para el segundo. Esto influyó en la productividad de los segmentos de los cereales. La mayor cantidad de energía metabolizable fue en el rendimiento de la secuencia de cereales precedidos por trébol blanco -83,23-84,76% GJ ha -1 . El potencial acumulado por las plantas perennes durante el segundo año de desarrollo fue utilizado más eficientemente por el triticale de invierno cv. Tevo, y el de los pastos del tercer año por la cebada de primavera cv. Ula. Las plantas perennes tuvieron un efecto significativo sobre la propagación de enfermedades foliares en las agrocenosis del triticale de invierno y de la cebada de primavera. La gravedad de la enfermedad fue 1,1-1,3 veces mayor en los tratamientos del triticale con trébol blanco como cultivo prev...

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Managing cereal diseases under reduced tillage

Cited by 72 publications

References 59 publications

Influence of subsoiling on direct-seeded cereals in southeastern Idaho

Influence of subsoiling on direct-seeded cereals in southeastern Idaho

Cultivar Mixtures for the Simultaneous Management of Multiple Diseases: Tan Spot and Leaf Rust of Wheat

The effect of perennials as green manure on cereal productivity and disease incidence

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