Managing Police Constables and Firefighters: Uniformed Public Services in English Cities, c.1870–1930

Ewen, Shane

doi:10.1017/s0020859005002312

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The gradual extension of such autonomy was common in the late nineteenth century, especially concerning the administration of discipline within the ranks . In 1878 – significantly, at the suggestion of H.M.I.C.…”

Section: Chief Constables Of Leeds 1823–99 Showing Years Of Servicementioning

confidence: 61%

Local initiative, central oversight, provincial perspective: governing police forces in nineteenth-century Leeds

Churchill

2015

Hist Res

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This article examines police administration as a branch of urban government, based on a casestudy of Leeds between 1815 and 1900. Making extensive use of local government and police records, it takes a longer-term view of 'reform' than most existing studies, and privileges the more routine aspects of everyday governance. It thus provides an original exploration of centrallocal government relations, as well as conflict and negotiation between distinct bodies of selfgovernment within the locality. Previous studies have rightly emphasised that urban police governance was primarily a local responsibility, yet this article also stresses the growing influence of central state oversight and an extra-local, provincial perspective, both of which modified the grip of localism on nineteenth-century government. University of LeedsThe governance of nineteenth-century police forces has long attracted scholarly attention.Many early accounts -habitually referred to as 'Whiggish' histories -tended to portray the provincial forces as ineffectual; lacking sufficient oversight from Whitehall, their potential was dashed under the more-or-less incompetent and corrupt leadership of unaccountable local magistrates and penny-pinching town councillors.2 By contrast, subsequent police historians have offered a more nuanced picture, by demonstrating that local authorities were often instrumental in pioneering new forms of police organisation;rather than opposed to police reform per se, it is now recognised that local governors were anxious primarily to retain control over local forces (and the local resources they consumed). Furthermore, the reputation of the provincial police has been somewhat rehabilitated by these sympathetic scholars; provincial forces were often adequate responses to local problems, rather than pale imitations of the centrally-directed

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Section: Chief Constables Of Leeds 1823–99 Showing Years Of Servicementioning

confidence: 61%

Local initiative, central oversight, provincial perspective: governing police forces in nineteenth-century Leeds

Churchill

2015

Hist Res

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“…Bowling and Tong (2006) argued that the craft of policing revolves around important "entrepreneurial" skills. Ewen (2006) also referred to a new entrepreneurial spirit in policing in which any individual including civilian staff can be entrepreneurial. Kennedy (2007) examined the entrepreneurial activity of analysts and civilian officers of the Police Service of Northern Ireland, and Patrick (2007) considered the role of the divisional (BCU) commander acting as an entrepreneur helped by entrepreneurial agents in the local community in turning a crime ridden estate into a crime-free zone.…”

Section: Mapping the Evolution Of The Police-entrepreneurship Nexusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of “entrepreneurial policing”: a review of the literature

Smith¹

2019

JEPP

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Purpose In the past decade, the concept and theory of “Entrepreneurial Policing” has emerged in academic and policing circles, particularly in a UK context. The purpose of this paper is to collect salient articles from extant but diverse literatures such as policing and criminology to synthesise a literature on it, focussing upon conceptual, theoretical and practical elements. Design/methodology/approach The approach is based on synthesising a literature using an in-depth review methodology and on analysing it to develop new insights into theoretical elements. Findings The findings are that the literature base is diverse and comes from a variety of policing, criminology, entrepreneurship, management, leadership and policy journals. There is a protean literature but at present little conceptual or theoretical clarity. Research limitations/implications There is a need for further empirical research in the form of qualitative face-to-face interviews to be conducted to develop typologies, taxonomies and topographies of entrepreneurial policing (EP). Developing illustrative case studies and teaching cases will educate new generations of police officers into the power and potential of EP as a change agent. This necessitates a change of policing structures, philosophies, processes and practices. From such theoretical groundwork, it is possible at a universal theory of what constitutes EP can be developed and tested. There is a need for commissioned research into the potentially revolutionary phenomenon; a text book and for training courses and seminars on the topic. Practical implications There are a number of practical implications for policing and policy practitioners and for its application in the future. From a policing perspective, an increased awareness of EP and criminal entrepreneurship can have positive outcomes in terms of new policing structures, philosophies, methodologies, practices and processes. From a criminal perspective, it heralds a better understanding of entrepreneurial crime, entrepreneurial criminals and organised crime groups. This could result in entrepreneurship educational programmes for police officers, senior officers and other law enforcement personnel and entrepreneurship awareness training for prisoners and ex-offenders and new avenues for utilising entrepreneurship as a diversion out of crime. Social implications There are also a number of social implications including the need for policy makers and politicians to be aware of the policing–entrepreneurship nexus and to award financial grants to encourage enterprising behaviour across the criminal justice system; encourage entrepreneurs to give back to their local communities; and increase the number of social enterprises in under-privileged communities. Originality/value This review is the first of its kind to deal specifically with EP and its evolution.

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“…Policing and its wider contexts were the subject of a number of articles. In the International Review of Social History , Ewen investigates employment and management in the police and firefighting services of Leicester and Birmingham, showing how formal occupational hierarchies combined with ‘an elaborate system of incentives and rewards’ to structure careers in the uniformed professions; Ewen also draws international comparisons with the two cities. Bramham's analysis of policemen in Keighley in the 1850s demonstrates that recruitment patterns differed from those in other parts of the country.…”

Section: (V) 1850–1945 Mark Freeman and Julian Greaves University Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of periodical literature published in 2006

Pratt¹,

Schofield²,

French

et al. 2008

The Economic History Review

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Early Anglo-Saxon settlement sites have been revealed by several excavations. Dickens et al. report a substantial village and associated cemetery at Bloodmoor Hill, Suffolk. Finds included evidence for textile manufacture, but not specialist commodity production; occupation appears to have ceased in the late seventh or early eighth century. The settlement at Gamlingay, Cambridgeshire, published by Murray and McDonald, yielded an enclosed farmstead and cemetery, both in use until c.800. Evidence for textile production and the presence of Ipswich ware suggests the site's participation in an active trading network. Wright, on Orton Waterville, Peterborough, reports a long-lived settlement generating relatively modest material remains. The site at Shepperton, Middlesex, described by Poulton, appears to have been regularly laid out in the later Anglo-Saxon period, replacing a flourishing earlier settlement. Parallel ditches point to the 'toft and croft' arrangement of medieval villages.Debate continues over early population movement. Casting doubt on the historicity of Irish migration to western Britain in the fourth or fifth centuries, Dark postulates the pre-existing presence there of spoken Irish. This would contrast with the evidence for Anglo-Saxon migration, particularly to 'Anglian' areas, considered more secure. Bartholemew offers grounds for identifying 'Angulus', Continental homeland of the Angli described by Bede, as modern Frisia. Possible connections with Procopius's account, usually treated with scepticism, might suggest Frisia as the starting-point for a substantial part of the Anglo-Saxon migration into Britain. Addressing the subject of river-names, generally considered a good indicator of Anglo-Saxon displacement in lowland areas, Yeates offers evidence from the Cotswolds area showing the loss of Brittonic river-names occurring over a far longer period.Though not necessarily incompatible with the orthodox view, this may suggest a greater survival of Brittonic nomenclature originally in the west.In funerary archaeology, Hamerow explores the 'special' deposition of human and animal remains within areas of occupation. The relatively high percentage of dogs and horses, together with cattle, strengthens the impression of ritualistic activity, possibly directed towards fertility, while an association with sunken-featured buildings would make sense if such structures had been used for storage. Reconstructing the ritual of human cremation, Williams places the deceased body at the centre of an elaborate visual spectacle. Rather than a mourner-centred approach to interpretation, the body itself may have had some agency in a complex interrelationship between the living and the dead. Chester-Kadwell, evaluating metal-detector finds in Norfolk, suggests that if used carefully these can supplement the existing corpus of known early cemeteries. Lee's study of textile evidence in funerary contexts shows its value not only in relation to gender but also as an indicator of social status. The model of a 'final phase' o...

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Managing Police Constables and Firefighters: Uniformed Public Services in English Cities, c.1870–1930

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Local initiative, central oversight, provincial perspective: governing police forces in nineteenth-century Leeds

Local initiative, central oversight, provincial perspective: governing police forces in nineteenth-century Leeds

The evolution of “entrepreneurial policing”: a review of the literature

Review of periodical literature published in 2006

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