Managing Repetitive Behaviours in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial of a New Parent Group Intervention

Grahame, Victoria; Brett, Denise; Dixon, Linda; McConachie, Helen; Lowry, Jessica; Rodgers, Jacqui; Steen, Nick; Couteur, Ann Le

doi:10.1007/s10803-015-2474-x

Cited by 56 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Interventions specifically focused on RRBs in children with ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders are rare [54, 55]. Our findings suggest self-regulation as a viable intervention target as measured by EC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Interrelationship between insistence on sameness, effortful control and anxiety in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

et al. 2017

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BackgroundBoth self-regulation and insistence on sameness (IS) are related to anxiety, which is a common feature of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here, we aimed to characterise the IS-self-regulation-anxiety interrelationship by investigating the potential contribution made by self-regulation, assessed via effortful control (EC), to the IS-anxiety relationship in a sample of adolescents and young adults with ASD.MethodSeventy-one older adolescents and younger adults with ASD (49 males, 22 females; M age = 18.71 years, SD = 2.51, range 14.42–24.81) completed the Adult Repetitive Behaviour Questionnaire-2, Effortful Control Scale of the Adult Temperament Questionnaire and the DSM-5 Dimensional Anxiety Scales.ResultsIS was associated with both EC (r = −.39, p = .001) and anxiety (r = .45, p < .001), and anxiety was in turn associated with EC (r = −.44, p < .001). To characterise the nature of this interrelationship, two mediation analyses were performed using the serial mediation model in PROCESS with 5000 resamples in bootstrapping. There was a significant indirect effect of EC on anxiety, through IS (b = −.06; BCa 95% CI [−.13, −.02]), and indirect effect on anxiety through EC (b = 1.62; BCa 95% CI [.59, 3.24]) with the mediators accounting for 29.07 and 26.04% of the total effect, respectively.ConclusionsOur study provides the first exploration of the IS-anxiety-self-regulation link in ASD. The finding that lower levels of self-regulation are related both to anxiety and IS behaviours points to self-regulation as a viable intervention target for both anxiety and IS behaviours.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Interrelationship between insistence on sameness, effortful control and anxiety in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

et al. 2017

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“…10,14 In the context of NDDs/NPDs, however, RRBs adversely impact multiple aspects of functioning 15 and are therefore important targets for clinical intervention. 16 Distinguishing clinically significant behavior from typical behavior requires a clearer understanding of the normal variability of a broader range of RRBs across the lifespan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Two Dimensional Measures of Restricted and Repetitive Behavior in Parents and Children

Evans

Uljarević

Lusk

et al. 2017

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

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Objective: Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are a heterogeneous set of behaviors common across a wide range of neurodevelopmental (NDD) and neuropsychiatric disorders (NPD) that extend well into the general population. We introduce two dimensional measures of RRBs for use in both typical and clinical populations from infancy to adulthood. Method:The Childhood Routines Inventory-Revised (CRI-R) and the Adult Routines Inventory (ARI) were created and administered online to a nationality representative cohort of 3,108 parents with 3,032 children (range 12 months -17 years; 11 months). Twenty-six percent of children and thirty six percent of adults had one or more NDDs/NPDs. Results:Principal axis factoring exploratory analysis revealed a two-factor structure for both properties, and will be useful for developmental, clinical, and family genetic studies, as well as for the identification of prodromal conditions involving RRB.

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“…Therefore, the ability to reduce the insistence on sameness and to increase flexibility can have highly beneficial effects for improving daily life functioning of affected individuals. Given that effective treatment approaches targeting RRB across neurodevelopmental disorders are currently lacking [Grahame et al, 2015;NICE, 2013], findings reported in this study point to the centrality of the cognitive control domain as a candidate mechanism behind the RRB and therefore as a potentially viable target for treatments aimed at reducing these behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Interrelationship Between Cognitive Control, Anxiety, and Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Children with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

et al. 2019

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Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRB) are common in individuals with 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), yet the underlying mechanisms of these behaviors remain poorly characterized. In the present pilot investigation, we aimed to further our understanding of RRB in 22q11.2DS by exploring their relationship with cognitive control and anxiety as well as with sex, chronological age, and full‐scale IQ. Parents of 38 children with 22q11.2DS (17 females; Mage = 11.15 years, SD = 2.46) completed the Social Communication Questionnaire as a measure of RRB and social and communication (SC) problems and the Behavioral Assessment System for Children‐2 as a measure of anxiety and cognitive control. Higher RRB scores were significantly associated with higher anxiety levels (r = 0.44, P = 0.006), more impairments in cognitive control (r = 0.56, P < 0.001), and higher SC scores (r = 0.43, P = 0.011). In the first step of the hierarchical regression model, anxiety accounted for 24.5% of variance (F = 10.05, P = 0.003); cognitive control accounted for an additional 18.1% of variance (Fchange = 11.15, P < 0.001) in the second step; SC score accounted for only 0.8% of additional variance in the third step (Fchange = 0.40, P = 0.53). The final model explained 43.4% of variance (F = 7.42, P = 0.001), with cognitive control as a unique independent predictor of RRB score (t = 2.52, P = 0.01). The current study provides the first exploration of the cognitive control—anxiety—RRB link in individuals with 22q11.2DS and points to cognitive control as a potentially viable target for treatments aimed at reducing RRB. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1737–1744. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary People with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome show high levels of repetitive behaviors, however, the previous research has not explored why people with this syndrome exhibit high rates of repetitive behaviors. Understanding the reasons for the high levels of repetitive behaviors is important given that these behaviors can be highly impairing. Our study found that repetitive behaviors were associated with impaired ability to self‐regulate and high levels of anxiety. These findings need to be further replicated; however, they are important as they suggest potentially promising ways of reducing these behaviors.

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Managing Repetitive Behaviours in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial of a New Parent Group Intervention

Cited by 56 publications

References 40 publications

Interrelationship between insistence on sameness, effortful control and anxiety in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Interrelationship between insistence on sameness, effortful control and anxiety in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Development of Two Dimensional Measures of Restricted and Repetitive Behavior in Parents and Children

Interrelationship Between Cognitive Control, Anxiety, and Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Children with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

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