Mandibular Condyle Dislocation Into the Middle Cranial Fossa: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa causing an epidural haematoma

“…The average age was 23.4 years (females: 18.6 years; males: 32.1 years), with a distribution of 6e64 years (Koretsch et al, 2001;Magge et al, 2007) and half of the patients (53.7%) belong to the paediatric population (<18 years of age) (Table 1). Females are more than twice likely to be affected than males, especially with regard to the paediatric population (Harstall et al, 2005). In most of the reported cases, high-speed traffic accidents account for the majority of cases, with bicycle accidents being the second most common cause (Barron et al, 2002;Magge et al, 2007) (Table 2).…”

“…Clinical features may include preauricular pain, laterognathism, and a limited range of motion without specific neurological signs or symptoms. Clinical signs, including trismus, restriction of lateral mandibular motion, unilateral open bite with a contra lateral crossbite or a unilateral loss in height of the lower facial third, can point to a central mandibular condyle dislocation (Melugin et al, 1997;Cillo et al, 2005;Harstall et al, 2005;Magge et al, 2007).…”

“…Given the nonspecific nature of clinical symptoms and the potential for serious neurological complications advanced neuroimaging modalities are essential, even if central mandibular condyle dislocation is only suspected (Rosa et al, 2006;Magge et al, 2007). Computerized tomography with three-dimensional reconstructions is considered to be the most effective diagnostic investigation (Harstall et al, 2005;Magge et al, 2007). According to recent literature, intraoperative use of three-dimensional computed tomography imaging might be advantageous in future case management because of potential optimization of the surgical outcome for fractures of the condylar process and head of the mandible, reduction of postoperative complications and minimization of surgical approaches (Klatt et al, 2011).…”

Intracranial Dislocation of the Mandibular Condyle: A Case Report and Literature Review

“…A large fraction of cases have occurred in the pediatric population (3,15). In addition, most events have followed bicycle or motor vehicle accidents that result in trauma to the chin, usually with the mouth open, such that an upward force causes the mandibular condyle to penetrate through the glenoid fossa (3,15,22).…”

A Conservative Surgical Approach in the Management of Longstanding Chronic Protracted Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation: A Case Report and Review of Literature

“…Predisposing factors include dysfunction of components of the TMJ, anatomical abnormality of the articular eminence, glenoid fossa, or condylar head, laxity or flaccidity of the ligaments and the TMJ capsule or dysfunction of the muscles of mastication. Acute dislocation of the TMJ may also be induced by trauma [8][9][10][11] forceful mouth opening from dental procedures, endotracheal intubation with laryngeal mask or tracheal tube [12][13][14]. The term ''acute'' refers to untreated dislocation up to 72 h from the time since it got dislocated [5,15].…”