Mango modulates body fat and plasma glucose and lipids in mice fed a high-fat diet

Abstract

Consumption of fruits and vegetables has been investigated for their role in the prevention of many chronic conditions. Among the fruits, mango provides numerous bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, vitamin C and phenolic compounds, which have been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study examined the effects of dietary supplementation of freeze-dried mango pulp, in comparison with the hypolipidaemic drug, fenofibrate, and the hypoglycaemic drug, rosiglitazone, in reducing adiposity and alterations in glucose metabolism and lipid profile in mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into six treatment groups (eight to nine/group): control (10 % energy from fat); HF (60 % energy from fat); HF þ 1 or 10 % freeze-dried mango (w/w); HF þ fenofibrate (500 mg/kg diet); HF þ rosiglitazone (50 mg/kg diet). After 8 weeks of treatment, mice receiving the HF diet had a higher percentage body fat (P¼ 0·0205) and epididymal fat mass (P¼ 0·0037) compared with the other treatment groups. Both doses of freeze-dried mango, similar to fenofibrate and rosiglitazone, prevented the increase in epididymal fat mass and the percentage of body fat. Freeze-dried mango supplementation at the 1 % dose improved glucose tolerance as shown by approximately 35 % lower blood glucose area under the curve compared with the HF group. Moreover, freeze-dried mango lowered insulin resistance, as indicated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, to a similar extent as rosiglitazone and modulated NEFA. The present findings demonstrate that incorporation of freeze-dried mango in the diet of mice improved glucose tolerance and lipid profile and reduced adiposity associated with a HF diet.

Mango Supplementation Improves Blood Glucose in Obese Individuals

“…In the current study, we investigated the effects of a 12-week ground freeze-dried mango supplementation on anthropometrics, biochemical parameters, and body composition in obese individuals at a dose of 10 g/day. This dose of mango is approximately equivalent to about one half of fresh mango fruit (100 g) and is about 1% dried mango when calculated on a per total dietary intake on a per dry weight basis, a dose we found effective in our earlier animal study 9. Due to differences in micronutrient content and bioactive food components among different mango varieties, we utilized the same Tommy Atkins variety of mango used in our previous animal study 9.…”

“…provides a number of well-known bioactive compounds that include carotenoids, tocopherols, ascorbic acid, dietary fiber, and the phenolic compounds mangiferin, gallic acid, and quercetin 8. Findings from our recent study demonstrate that freeze-dried mango pulp supplementation positively influenced body composition and improved blood glucose and lipid profile in mice fed a high-fat diet 9. In human studies, consumption of mango pulp, when compared to other fruits, favorably affected postprandial glucose and insulin responses in individuals with T2DM 10,11.…”

Fruits for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

“…A study demonstrated that two doses (1% and 10%) of freeze-dried mango pulp were effective in improving glucose tolerance and lipid profiles and reducing adiposity in mice fed with a high-fat diet. Additionally, the study also reported that the lower dose (1%) was more effective in modulating glucose than the higher dose (10%), and was more powerful in lowering blood glucose concentration than the hypoglycemic drug, rosiglitazone (50 mg/kg diet), in mice fed with a high-fat diet [11]. Moreover, the anti-hypertensive effects of the standardized methanolic extract of papaya ( Carica papaya ) were evaluated in SHR.…”

“…Nevertheless, drugs are not effective on all patients and have side effects that may aggravate the patients’ symptoms and signs. Some fruits (extract) possess similar or even more potent anti-hypertensive, lipid-lowering, and hypoglycemic activities, which has inspired many researchers to explore new therapies for CVDs [9,10,11,12]. The cardioprotective mechanisms of fruits are not entirely clear, but their outstanding antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties are considered principal [13].…”

Nutritional Status of Korean Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

“…Tendency of decreased vegetable consumption (p = 0.055) in overweight ADHD subjects is consistent with increased levels of SBP and DBP and total blood triglycerides. Since vegetables are rich in dietary fibers and potassium which counteract high fat or sodium many evidences support the benefit of vegetable intake in lowering blood pressure and blood lipids [1431]. In the analysis of the dietary habit, overweight ADHD subjects had more food supply on demand compared to normal weight subjects had.…”