Mangrove Conservation Opportunity at Southern Coast of Bangkalan-East Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems are resources of landscapes, flora, fauna, and local communities that interact with each other. Mangrove ecosystems have important ecological, economic and social functions for coastal development. Conservation is a means of involving the community in mangrove recovery and management activities as a preservation effort. This paper examines the potential of mangrove ecosystems in the southern coast of Bangkalan as a conservation area. The fact, mangrove ecosystems have a pressure that decreased area significantly. Data collection used the quadratic transect method and satellite image analysis. Mangroves on the southern coast of Bangkalan have increased area over the past 10 years. Mangrove vegetation found consisted of 4 families and 8 species. There are also found fauna i.e. insects, snakes, primates and birds. The observations indicated that conservation of mangrove forests on the southern coast of Bangkalan needs to be done. This effort can be supported by ecotourism activities which are expected to improve the community welfare.

Land Use Change of Mangrove Forest for Eco-Tourism in the South Coastal, Bangkalan, East Java-Indonesia

“…The land use table shows that the mangrove land cover class has increased in area from 82.26 ha to 115.56 ha or 40.48% in 10 years. The natural vegetation area increased by 50.8%, and the increase due to planting reached 92.1% [5]. The area around the mangrove forest at the study site, which also experienced an increase in the past ten years, were settlements, rice fields, plantation areas, and rivers, while the aquaculture and dry land cover classes decreased (Fig.…”

“…The existence of human activities on the coast with various interests significantly affects the presence of the mangrove ecosystem [4], reduces the quality of the environment [5], and is likely to threaten sustainability over a certain period [6]. Coastal population growth and expansion of urban areas are different threats to mangrove forest areas [7].…”

“…One of the efforts to utilize and preserve the mangrove ecosystem is through eco-tourism activities. Appropriate and environmental-based planning and management of coastal areas are needed to protect the sustainability of mangrove ecosystems from achieving sustainable area development [5] [6]. The dynamics of land cover/use and distribution of mangroves are essential in this area [13] to improve sustainable ecological management [14].…”

Strategi Pengembangan Ekowisata Hutan Mangrove Pantai di Karangsong Indramayu melalui Pendekatan Ecotourism Opportunity Spectrum (ECOS)

“…Observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan literatur research dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi terkait profil KEHMPL Karangsong. Data kuisioner penelitian selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan Recreation Zone Index (RZI) (Wardani, 2013). Tujuan adalah untuk memberikan deskripsi, membangun konstruksi skala pengukuran memberikan hasil hubungan empiris, memberikan penjelasan dan prediksi, melakukan pengujian hipotesis serta membangun konsep dan teori (Hardani et al, 2020).…”

Kajian Pengelolaan Kawasan Mangrove Pesisir Selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan Berdasarkan UU No 1 Tahun 2014

“…Ekosistem hutan mangrove di kawasan ini terdiri dari 4 famili dan 8 jenis dengan vegetasi yang mendominasi adalah famili Rhizophoraceae. Selain itu, fauna yang ditemukan terdiri dari insekta, ular, primata dan burung [8] . Hutan mangrove terluas terdapat di Kecamatan Modung dengan salah satu potensi fauna di kawasan ini (Gambar 3 & 4 ).…”