Mangrove diversity and community structure of Mimika District, Papua, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Setyadi G, Pribadi R, Wijayanti DP, Sugianto DN. 2021. Mangrove diversity and community structure of Mimika District, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3562-3571. Despite being one the largest mangrove forest in the world, there are few studies on mangrove diversity and community structure in Mimika, Papua Province. The study collected data from 4 estuaries of Mimika Region, i.e. Kamora, Tipuka, Ajkwa and Minajerwi. Mangrove species, tree diameter at breast height and canopy height data were collected in 10 m x 10 m plot with three replicates for distance, specifically 0, 250, and 500m perpendicular to the riverbank. This study found 66 mangroves species consisting of 20 major, 10 minor, and 36 associate mangrove species. Their density ranged from 577-1,345 trees ha-1 with diversity Shannon-Weiner diversity indices (H’) ranging from 0.62-1.19 and Evenness Index (J’) ranging from 0.09-0.18. The canopy height of the mangrove trees was ranged from 9-42.5 m. The highest density species was Rhizophora apiculata (333 ha-1) followed by Avicennia marina, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Camptostemon schultzii, while B. parviflora, S. alba, and X. granatum were the least dominant. Regarding basal area, R. apiculata and B. gymnorrhiza were the highest with medians of 7,853 cm2 ha-1 and 5,201 cm2 ha-1 respectively. In the low tidal zone area, mangrove was dominated by A. marina, Sonneratia alba and R. mucronata. Medium low to medium high tidal zones were dominated by B. gymnorrhiza, R. apiculata, and B. parviflora. The high tidal zone was more dominated by Nypa fruticans.

Mangrove Above-Ground Biomass and Carbon Stock in the Karimunjawa-Kemujan Islands Estimated from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Imagery

“…These heights are comparable with mangroves found in most areas in Indonesia, such as Bali [51], Porong Delta, East Java [52], Mahakam Delta [25], etc. But they are too short compared to the mangrove height in Papua, which can reach more than 40 m high, e.g., [25,53,54].…”

Mapping of mangrove forest and carbon stock estimation of east coast Surabaya, Indonesia

“…Other studies on the coasts of major cities, namely Jakarta Bay and Muara Kapuk, have identified 5 to 9 mangrove species (Rumondang et al 2021;Sari et al 2019). The number of mangrove species found in remote areas with natural mangrove forests is considerably higher, as evidenced by studies in Mimika Papua (66 species), Segara Anakan Cilacap, Central Java (16 species) and Kutai National Park, East Kalimantan (17 species) (Poedjirahajoe et al 2019;Setyadi et al 2021;Widyastuti et al 2018). Excellent water and sediment quality, low environmental pollution, and the absence of illegal logging are all factors that contribute to the optimal growth of mangrove forests in remote coastal areas.…”

Pemetaan kondisi hutan mangrove di kawasan pesisir Selat Madura dengan pendekatan Mangrove Health Index memanfaatkan citra satelit Sentinel-2

“…Bentuk adaptasi yang ditunjukkan oleh vegetasi mangrove antara lain adalah sistem perakaran yang kuat, memiliki akar nafas (pneumatofora) dan struktur daun yang mampu bertahan terhadap kadar garam yang tinggi. Beberapa genus vegetasi mangrove yang dapat ditemukan di Indonesia antara lain Avicennia, Sonneratia, Rhizophora, Bruguiera, Ceriops, Xylocarpus, Lummitzera, Aegiceras, Excoecaria, Aegiceras, Scyphyphora dan Nypa (Setyadi et al, 2021;Theresia et al, 2016).…”

“…Secara umum perhitungan MHI dikembangkan untuk menilai kesehatan mangrove pada tingkat ekosistem berdasarkan 3 parameter utama struktur tegakan mangrove yaitu diameter batang, tutupan tajuk dan kepadatan. Nilai MHI dapat ditentukan melalui pengambilan data lapang (Schaduw et al, 2021;Setyadi et al, 2021) maupun memanfaatkan citra satelit. Beberapa penelitian yang memanfaatkan citra satelit untuk menentukan MHI berdasarkan nilai NDVI antara lain dilakukan oleh Akbar et al (2020), Maulidiyah et al (2017) serta Sukojo & Arindi (2019).…”