Manifestação epidemiológica do vírus da hepatite tipo c em gestantes de um Município do Estado do Pará

Abstract

Introduction: Type C hepatitis, an infectious disease considered a global health problem, presents risks for congenital malformation, low weight and higher rates of perinatal mortality, and its condition may induce an increase in the maternal mortality rate. Objective: Verify epidemiological aspects of type C Hepatitis in pregnant women in city of Belém of state of Pará. Methodology: It is a descriptive research with information from DATASUS-SINAN database, which seven filters were used to obtain the epidemiological data of pregnant women, aged between 10 to 59 years old, in the period from January of 2008 to December of 2018, with laboratory confirmation for type C virus, anti-HCV reagent serology. Results: 510 cases of pregnant women with type C hepatitis were reported, with anti-HCV serology confirmation, noting that the second trimester of pregnancy had showed the highest absolute number with 12 cases (2.35%) of infected pregnant women, followed by the third trimester with 07 cases (1.37%) and the first trimester with 05 cases (0.98%), respectively. It was found that 17 cases (3.33%) did not correspond to any of the gestational periods, being ignored or in the "blank" section of the database. Most pregnant women (70.83%) comprised the age group of 20 to 39 years old; 6.9% represent cases of inconclusive fulminant hepatitis; 3.13% acute type C hepatitis and 88.82% chronic type C hepatitis; whose main route of contamination was sexual (5.68%). Conclusion: Therefore, type C hepatitis occurs mainly between the second and third trimesters, with sexual and injectable transmission, which reinforces the importance of a wellperformed prenatal care, allowing for early measures to be taken.

Hepatite viral na gestante: estudo dos mecanismos de infecção correlacionados à classificação etiológica e apresentação clínica (2008-2018) / Viral hepatitis in pregnant women: study of infection mechanisms correlated with etiological classification and clinical presentation (2008-2018)

“…(ZHAO et al, 2016). Durante a gestação a transmissão ocorre de forma vertical, durante o trabalho de parto ou aleitamento materno, apresentando um risco aumentado em portadoras do HIV (vírus da imunodeficiência humana) e com elevação da carga viral materna de VHC (ALVES, et al, 2020).…”

“…No Brasil, a hepatite do tipo B é a que possui maior incidência com taxa de aproximadamente 6,9%, seguida pela hepatite do tipo C com incidência de 5,4% (ALMEDA, 2019). É importante destacar maior risco de transmissão fetal da doença em pacientes infectadas com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) (ALVES, et al, 2020).…”