Manipulating Ferroelectric Domains in Nanostructures Under Electron Beams

Ahluwalia, Rajeev; Ng, Nathaniel; Schilling, A.; McQuaid, R. G. P.; Evans, Donald M.; Gregg, J. M.; Srolovitz, David J.; Scott, J. F.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.111.165702

Cited by 50 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In the present work we extend this analysis to relate to quantitative measurements of domain wall velocities [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and effective masses for domain walls.…”

Section: Richtmyer-meshkov Instabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We can use the creep velocity v = 1 nms -1 from Tybell, Paruch and Triscone; 23 see also more recently Ng, Ahluwalia et al [24][25][26] and Scott and Kumar. 25 The effective mass for the wall is ca.…”

Section: Open-channel Viscous Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 nms -1 . [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] The ferroelastic domain wall viscosity is very large compared with normal liquids, and comparable to that in martensitic metals; a rough estimate by Scott 3 is 10 6 poise for domain wall viscosity and by Salje and …”

Section: Open-channel Viscous Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrodynamics of domain walls in ferroelectrics and multiferroics: Impact on memory devices

Scott

Evans

Gregg

et al. 2016

Applied Physics Letters

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The standard "Kittel Law" for the thickness and shape of ferroelectric, ferroelastic, or ferromagnet domains assumes mechanical equilibrium. The present paper shows that such domains may be highly nonequilibrium, with unusual thicknesses and shapes. In lead germanate and multiferroic lead zirconate titanate iron tantalate domain wall instabilities resemble hydrodynamics (Richtmyer-Meshkov and Helfrich-Hursault, respectively).Normally in ferroelectrics or ferroelastics the domains are rectilinear with straight edges, and the domain widths satisfy the Landau-Lifshitz-Kittel relationship ("Kittel Law") as proportional to the square root of sample thickness. Here we present data on ferroelectric lead germanate and lead zirconate-titanate-iron-tantalate that exhibit curved circular or parabolic walls and violate the Kittel Law, demonstrating that they are nonequilibrium processes. These display similarities with the Richtmyer-Meshkov and Helfrich-Hursault instabilities in fluid mechanics and are good examples of the "domain glass" model of Salje and Carpenter. Their presence may be detrimental to multiferroic memory applications. p.2Very recently and very surprisingly the dynamics of electron transport in both graphene 1 and some low-temperature metals 2 have been shown to be dominated under some conditions by hydrodynamics. That is, electronic conduction is similar to fluid dynamics, with vortex motion, and not limited by Bloch theory. At about the same time it was shown 3-5 that the ferroelastic domain walls in multiferroics 6 are also controlled by fluid mechanics, with both wrinkling 7-9 and folding 3,4 at certain velocity thresholds, and hence that the domain walls may be treated as ballistic objects in high-viscosity media [n.b., wrinkling involves smoothly curved periodic modulation of domain walls, whereas folding consists of nearly 180-degree changes in direction] . In this sense semi-classical convection processes seem to appear in systems with very different basic dynamics.The application of hydrodynamic models to domain walls in ferroelectrics is however not The application of viscosity models to magnetic domains is even older; Skomski et al. 11 did that exactly twenty years ago. And this year Salje et al. [12][13][14] found that ferroelastics are described well by hydrodynamics. The modest breakthrough in the present case follows the recent paper by Scott, 3 which suggests that if indeed domain walls follow hydrodynamic flow, they should exhibit hydrodynamic instabilities also. And he p.3 showed rope-like folding instabilities. It is a modest paradigm shift to replace the equilibrium domain physics of the "Kittel Law" with these nonequilibrium dynamics.In the present paper we examine data for two systems: Lead germanate, which importantly is NOT ferroelastic, which we examine on a mesoscopic domain scale (microns) and lowfield scale; and lead zirconate-titanate iron tantalate, which is ferroelastic and which we examine on a nm-domain scale.The wrinkling-folding instability critical field E f is...

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“…In the present work we extend this analysis to relate to quantitative measurements of domain wall velocities [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and effective masses for domain walls.…”

Section: Richtmyer-meshkov Instabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Open-channel Viscous Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hydrodynamics of domain walls in ferroelectrics and multiferroics: Impact on memory devices

Scott

Evans

Gregg

et al. 2016

Applied Physics Letters

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show abstract

“…These have been studied in some detail previously. [13,[32][33][34] In particular, we know that these arrays can be moved via an electron beam in an electron microscope, [35] and that they exhibit creep. [36,37] It is often found that ferroelectric nano-domains are nested inside larger ferroelastic domains such that the polarization (and hence depolarization energy) averages mesoscopically to zero; but the opposite case, of ferroelastic domains nested inside larger ferroelectric domains seems rare.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…100 ferroelectric nano-domains (see Fig.9, bottom diagram). The fact that the ferroelectric domains can be reoriented within a larger ferroelastic superdomain by application of electric field has been demonstrated by electron beam irradiation [34,35] with faceting and de-faceting observed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%