Manipulation of Dietary Protein and Nonstarch Polysaccharide to Control Swine Manure Emissions

Clark, O. Grant; Moehn, Soenke; Edeogu, I.; Price, Jason; Leonard, J.J.

doi:10.2134/jeq2004.0434

Cited by 62 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Hence, as N 2 O emissions are related to the amount of N in the manure, they should potentially be reduced with lower N excretion. Examining the effect of dietary protein and non-starch polysaccharide on emissions from swine manure, Clark et al (2005) found no effect of the latter, except in combination with low protein treatments. Velthof et al (2005) found that increasing non-starch polysaccharide corresponded to increasing CH 4 .…”

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 89%

Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from Canadian animal agriculture: A review

Kebreab¹,

Clark²,

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

. Considerable evidence of climate change associated with emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) has resulted in international efforts to reduce GHG emissions. The agriculture sector contributes about 8% of GHG emissions in Canada mostly through methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O). The objective of this paper was to compile an integrative review of CH 4 and N 2 O emissions from livestock by taking a whole cycle approach from enteric fermentation to manure treatment and storage, and field application of manure. Basic microbial processes that result in CH 4 production in the rumen and hindgut of animals were reviewed. An overview of CH 4 and N 2 O production processes in manure, and controlling factors are presented. Most of the studies conducted in relation to enteric fermentation were in dairy and beef cattle. To date, research has focussed on GHG emissions from the stored manures of dairy, beef cattle and swine; therefore, we focus our review on these. Several methods used to measure GHG emissions from livestock and stored manure were reviewed. A comparison of methods showed that there were agreements between most of the techniques but some systematic differences were also observed. Additional studies with comprehensive comparisons of methodologies are needed in order to allow for comparison of results obtained from studies using contrasting methodologies. The need to standardize measurement methods and reporting to facilitate comparison of results and data integration was identified. Prediction equations are often used to calculate GHG emissions. Various types of mathematical approaches, such as statistical models, mechanistic models and estimates calculated from emission factors, and studies that compare various types of models are discussed herein. A lack of process-based models describing GHG emissions from manure during storage was identified. A brief description of mitigation strategies focussing on recent studies is given. Reduction in CH 4 emissions from ruminants through the addition of fats in diets and the use of more starch was achieved and a transient beneficial effect of ionophores was reported. Grazing management and genetic selection also hold promise. Studies focussed on manure treatment options that have been suggested to reduce gas fluxes from manure storage, composting, anaerobic digestion (AD), diet manipulation, covers and solid-liquid separation, were reviewed. While some of these options have been shown to decrease GHG emissions from stored manure, different studies have obtained conflicting results, and additional research is needed to identify the most promising options. GHG emissions from pasture and croplands after manure application have been the subject of several experimental and modelling studies, but few of these have linked field emissions to diet manipulation or manure treatments. Further work focussing on the entire cycle of GHG formation from feed formulation, animal metabolism, excreta treatment and storage, to field application of manure needs to be conducted. attribua...

show abstract

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 89%

Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from Canadian animal agriculture: A review

Kebreab¹,

Clark²,

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other studies describing the impact of increased dietary fibre in the form of sugar beet on pig systems also report reduced ammonia emissions (e.g. Canh et al 1998;Fernandez et al 1999;Clark et al 2005). The overall effect on N balance depends on whether N was in surplus or deficit, because fibre reduces N digestibility but repartitions N from urine to faeces if in surplus (Morgan & Whittemore 1988) and on how the manure is stored or spread (Verge et al 2009).…”

Section: Impact Of Altered Diet and Reproductive Performance On The 'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional effects on oocyte and embryo development in mammals: implications for reproductive efficiency and environmental sustainability

Ashworth

Toma²,

Hunter

2009

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

177

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The environment in which a breeding female lives prior to conception and during the early stages of her pregnancy has striking effects on oocytes developing in the ovarian follicle and on early embryos in the reproductive tract. Of the various environmental factors known to affect oocyte and embryo development, altered nutrition during this critical period has been particularly well studied. Alterations in the quantity of food consumed or the composition of the diet imposed solely during the pre-mating period affect oocyte maturity, blastocyst yield, prenatal survival and the number of offspring born alive. Importantly, nutrition at this time also affects the quality of embryos and resultant offspring, with increasing evidence from a variety of species showing that periconception nutrition can alter behaviour, cardiovascular function and reproductive function throughout post-natal life. In livestock species, it is important to devise nutritional strategies that improve reproductive efficiency and the quality of offspring but that do not add to the environmental footprint of the production system and which recognize likely changes in feedstuff availability arising from predicted changes in climate.

show abstract

“…On the other hand, some authors reported that odour concentration and offensiveness increased when low-CP diets supplemented with synthetic amino acids were used (Otto et al, 2003;O'Connell et al, 2006). Finally, other studies could not find differences in odour composition and magnitude when low-CP diets were used (Sutton et al, 1999;Clark et al, 2005;Leek et al, 2007).…”

Section: Dietary Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The increase of feed FC stimulates microbial activity in animal gut and in the manure, shifting the nitrogen balance from urine to faeces (Sutton et al, 1999;Clark et al, 2005). It has been widely demonstrated that FC incorporated into pig diets increases the volatile fatty acid (VFA) content in manure (Clark et al, 2005;Kerr et al, 2006;O'Connell et al, 2006), but it remains unclear whether the odour profile is affected. Whereas Lynch et al (2008) obtained a 41% increase of odour emissions when sugar beet pulp was added to pig diets, a non-significant effect of FC was found by Clark et al (2005) and Le et al (2007).…”

Section: Dietary Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been widely demonstrated that FC incorporated into pig diets increases the volatile fatty acid (VFA) content in manure (Clark et al, 2005;Kerr et al, 2006;O'Connell et al, 2006), but it remains unclear whether the odour profile is affected. Whereas Lynch et al (2008) obtained a 41% increase of odour emissions when sugar beet pulp was added to pig diets, a non-significant effect of FC was found by Clark et al (2005) and Le et al (2007). As acknowledged by Leek et al (2007) and Le et al (2008), the balance between dietary FC and CP plays an important role on odour production and emission.…”

Section: Dietary Manipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Strategies to control odours in livestock facilities: a critical review

Ubeda

Jiménez

Nicolas

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Odours generated in livestock buildings constitute one of the most relevant air quality issues of intensive livestock production. Reducing nuisance episodes related to odour exposure is therefore essential for a sustainable livestock production. In this study, the state-of-the-art on odour mitigation techniques in livestock housing is critically reviewed. Scientific advances in the last decade are revised and research needs are also identified. The complex nature of livestock odours is firstly reviewed and examined. Then, the most relevant odour control strategies are analyzed in terms of present knowledge and future needs. The strategies considered are: nutritional strategies, manure additives, building design, air filtration, manure covers, manure treatment systems and windbreaks. Finally, future research needs and priorities when establishing mitigation techniques are identified. Despite important recent advances, there are still some challenges for scientists, producers and regulators, particularly related to field evaluation of odours. Therefore, to control livestock odours effectively, using standardized f ield assessment techniques will be required. Also, investigating measurement and model errors may be useful to better understand the limitations of the current methods, as well as to identify research priorities.

show abstract

Manipulation of Dietary Protein and Nonstarch Polysaccharide to Control Swine Manure Emissions

Cited by 62 publications

References 11 publications

Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from Canadian animal agriculture: A review

Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from Canadian animal agriculture: A review

Nutritional effects on oocyte and embryo development in mammals: implications for reproductive efficiency and environmental sustainability

Strategies to control odours in livestock facilities: a critical review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About