Manipulation of Rice Starch Properties for Application

Fujita, Naoko

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-55495-0_10

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 78 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Regarding the fine structure of amylopectin, the differences between HT and control plants are maximal at approximately 450�Cd, despite unchanged starch granule proportions at this time point. In particular, decreases in the relative frequency of DP <12 and increases in DP 13–24, observed at approximately 450�Cd, as well as in mature grains, are expected to result in increased GT (Fujita 2015). The fact that changes are maximized days after the HT can be explained either by regulatory effects on either the abundance or activity of starch biosynthetic enzymes or by the continued effects of an altered amylopectin structure, which provides a different template for further elongation of amylopectin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These chains are less abundant, thus arguing against a dominant role of these enzymes during desiccation. Overall, the starch in mature grains from HT plants is characterized by a decrease in the relative frequency of DP < 12 and an increase in DP 13–24 when compared with control plants, which is expected to result in increased GT (Fujita 2015). The observed differences between HT and control plants are potentially a carryover effect from early grain development, as similar changes were observed at approximately 450�Cd.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Amylopectin Chain Length Dynamics and Activity Signatures of Key Carbon Metabolic Enzymes Highlight Early Maturation as Culprit for Yield Reduction of Barley Endosperm Starch after Heat Stress

Cuesta-Seijo

Porcellinis

Valente

et al. 2019

Plant and Cell Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abiotic environmental stresses have a negative impact on the yield and quality of crops. Understanding these stresses is an essential enabler for mitigating breeding strategies and it becomes more important as the frequency of extreme weather conditions increases due to climate change. This study analyses the response of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to a heat wave during grain filling in three distinct stages: the heat wave itself, the return to a normal temperature regime, and the process of maturation and desiccation. The properties and structure of the starch produced were followed throughout the maturational stages. Furthermore, the key enzymes involved in the carbohydrate supply to the grain were monitored. We observed differences in starch structure with well-separated effects because of heat stress and during senescence. Heat stress produced marked effects on sucrolytic enzymes in source and sink tissues. Early cessation of plant development as an indirect consequence of the heat wave was identified as the major contributor to final yield loss from the stress, highlighting the importance for functional stay-green traits for the development of heat-resistant cereals.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amylopectin Chain Length Dynamics and Activity Signatures of Key Carbon Metabolic Enzymes Highlight Early Maturation as Culprit for Yield Reduction of Barley Endosperm Starch after Heat Stress

Cuesta-Seijo

Porcellinis

Valente

et al. 2019

Plant and Cell Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among these, the starch properties in the endosperm of SSI, SSIIa, SSIIIa, GBSSI, BEI, BEIIb, and ISAI-deficient mutant lines are quite different from those of the wild type. 4) , 5) Double mutant lines representing different combinations of these single mutant lines are also different from the wild type and their parental mutant lines. 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) These mutant lines are in the japonica background (Nipponbare, Taichung 65, or Kinmaze), suggesting that the introduction of SSIIa and GBSSI from indica cultivars into these mutant lines would increase the diversity of starch properties.…”

Section: Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Method for Novel Rice Starch Mutant Lines Prepared by Introducing Gene Encoding Starch Synthase IIa and Granule-bound Starch Synthase I from Indica Cultivar into a Branching Enzyme IIb-Deficient Mutant Line

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rice is a staple food for over half the world s population. 1) The standard rice consumed in Japan is steamed rice from japonica cultivars. Numerous good-tasting japonica cultivars with excellent agricultural traits have been developed at agricultural stations. The starch properties in japonica rice cultivars are quite different from those of indica rice cultivars. These differences are mainly explained by the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the starch synthase IIa and granule-bound starch synthase I genes (SSIIa and GBSSI, respectively) in japonica cultivars, whereas indica cultivars are thought to have wild-type alleles of these genes. 2,3) Glutinous rice cultivars are gbss1 null mutant lines containing amylose-free starch. Thus, spontaneous mutant lines with distinct starch traits in the endosperm have long been used for human consumption. Since 2000, numerous rice starch mutant lines have been generated to elucidate the functions of starch biosynthetic enzymes. Among these, the starch properties in the endosperm of SSI, SSIIa, SSIIIa, GBSSI, BEI, BEIIb, and ISAI-deficient mutant lines are quite different from those of the wild type. 4,5) Double mutant lines representing different combinations of these single mutant lines are also different from the wild type and their parental mutant lines. 6 10) These mutant lines are in the japonica background (Nipponbare, Taichung 65, or Kinmaze), suggesting that the introduction of SSIIa and GBSSI from indica cultivars into these mutant lines would increase the diversity of starch properties. When screening for such mutants, obtaining the homozygous genotypes of the target genes is indispensable. Here, we describe an effective, accurate method for screening novel starch rice lines, for example, a novel mutant line containing SSIIa and GBSSI genes introduced from indica cultivars into a starch branching enzyme IIb (BEIIb)deficient mutant line (SSIIa I /GBSSI I /be2b). The novel mutant line, SSIIa I /GBSSI I /be2b, was generated by crossing a BEIIb-deficient mutant (EM10, SSIIa J / GBSSI J /be2b) 11) with an indica rice cultivar, Kasalath (SSIIa I / GBSSI I /BEIIb). GBSSI I (corresponding to Wx a) represents wild-type GBSSI derived from indica cultivar, Kasalath, in this study, and is highly expressed in developing endosperm. 12) On the other hand, GBSSI J (corresponding to Wx b) represents leaky gbss1 mutant with low expression levels, which was derived from japonica cultivar, Kinmaze, in this study. 3) SSIIa J from japonica cultivars is almost inactive, whereas SSIIa I from indica cultivars is active. 13) After screening, the rice plants were grown during the summer of 2014 in an experimental paddy field at Akita Prefectural University under natural environmental conditions. Total protein was extracted from 1/4 sections of mature rice endosperm and immunoblotting was performed to screen F2 seeds using rice BEIIb anti-serum 11) as described in Crofts et al. 14) Extraction of soluble, loosely-bound and tightly-bound starch granules proteins from mature F3 seeds an...

show abstract

“…Conversely, a lower number of short amylopectin chains with DP < 13 or a higher number of long amylopectin chains with 13 ≤ DP < 25 result in a higher gelatinization temperature. 32) 33) The reason why ss2a be2b mutant lines had a lower gelatinization temperature than be2b single mutant lines may be related to the subtraction curve of amylopectin chain length distribution: “#1520-EM10” and “#1522-ssg3” both had a greater number of short chains with DP < 13 and a smaller number of long chains with 13 ≤ DP < 25 ( Fig. 5C ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Properties of Starch in Rice Double Mutants Lacking Starch Synthase (SS) IIa and Starch Branching Enzyme (BE) IIb

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Starch biosynthetic enzymes form multi-protein complexes consisting of starch synthase (SS) I, SSIIa, and starch branching enzyme (BE) IIb, which synthesize amylopectin clusters. This study analyzed the starch properties in two double mutant rice lines lacking SSIIa and BEIIb, one of which expressed an inactive BEIIb protein. The ss2a be2b lines showed similar or greater seed weight than the be2b lines, and plant growth was not affected. The ss2a line showed increased short amylopectin chains resulting in a lower gelatinization temperature. Starch granule morphology and A-type crystallinity were similar between the ss2a line and the wild type, except for a mild chalky seed phenotype in the ss2a line. However, the starch phenotype of the ss2a be2b lines, which was similar to that of be2b but not ss2a, was characterized by increased long amylopectin chains, abnormal starch granules, and B-type crystallinity. The similarity in phenotype between the ss2a be2b and be2b lines may be attributed to the inability of the be2b mutants to generate short amylopectin branches, which serve as primers for SSIIa. Therefore, the presence or absence of SSIIa hardly affected the amylopectin structure under the be2b background. The amylose content was significantly higher in the ss2a be2b lines than in the be2b lines. Starch crystallinity was greater in ss2a be2b lines than in be2b lines, despite the fact that starch crystallinity is generally negatively correlated with amylose content. This suggests that the formation of a double helix between long amylopectin chains and amylose affects starch crystallinity in the ss2a be2b mutants. Ida et al.: Structure and properties of starch in rice double mutants lacking SSIIa and BEIIb

show abstract

Manipulation of Rice Starch Properties for Application

Cited by 13 publications

References 78 publications

Amylopectin Chain Length Dynamics and Activity Signatures of Key Carbon Metabolic Enzymes Highlight Early Maturation as Culprit for Yield Reduction of Barley Endosperm Starch after Heat Stress

Amylopectin Chain Length Dynamics and Activity Signatures of Key Carbon Metabolic Enzymes Highlight Early Maturation as Culprit for Yield Reduction of Barley Endosperm Starch after Heat Stress

Screening Method for Novel Rice Starch Mutant Lines Prepared by Introducing Gene Encoding Starch Synthase IIa and Granule-bound Starch Synthase I from Indica Cultivar into a Branching Enzyme IIb-Deficient Mutant Line

Structure and Properties of Starch in Rice Double Mutants Lacking Starch Synthase (SS) IIa and Starch Branching Enzyme (BE) IIb

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About