Mantle hydrocarbons: Abiotic or biotic?

Sugisaki, Ryuichi; Mimura, Koichi

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(94)90029-9

Cited by 127 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In addition, Sugisaki and Mimura (1994) detected recycled biogenic mantle HCS in S-type granite as mentioned before, and Price et al (1998) provided new analytical data which demonstrated a surprising thermal stability of biogenically-derived C 15 + HCS in some high temperature metamorphic rocks. Considering their study results, the occurrence of some heavy HCS in the Xihuashan granite can be expected.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…On the basis of graphitization mechanism of CM above described and the idea of Sugisaki and Mimura (1994) which explained the origin of HCS detected in the Ohsumi granite of S-type as recycled biogenic mantle HCS, a tentative model is proposed which links the CM in S-type granite with the organic matter in the primitive sedimentary rocks. That is, when the sedimentary rocks are rapidly buried deeply in the earth's crust during orogeny and partially melted to generate granitic magma at high pressures and relatively lower temperatures, organic materials in these rocks would be gradually degraded and converted to CM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Hoefs (1973), the non-carbonate carbon found in igneous rocks may occur as elemental carbon (graphite), as carbide, and as organic compounds or as all three combined. Sugisaki and Mimura (1994) detected HCS in rock samples from the Ohsumi granite, a typical S-type granite in Japan, and considered them as recycled biogenic mantle HCS. However, to date few reports about CM in granite have been published in the geological literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbonaceous material in S-type Xihuashan granite.

2001

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In order to verify the presence of residual organic matter in some S-type granites, a method used conventionally in petroleum geochemistry for isolation of kerogen was employed to separate carbonaceous material (CM) from the Xihuashan granite, Jiangxi Prov., China. Optical, XRD and SEM/EDAX analyses identified the acid-insoluble residue as mainly composed of various mineral debris, with a minor carbonaceous fraction found in the residue. LMR and micro-FTIR studies showed that the residue contained a small amount of CM, which is heterogeneous in composition and structural state. The occurrence of CM in the granite implies that this granitic magma originated from sediments and crystallized at relatively lower temperatures and high pressures. This deduction is consistent with geological and geochemical studies of the Xihuashan granite. A tentative model was suggested which connects CM in S-type granite with organic matter in sedimentary rocks. The conditions under which CM can be preserved in S-type granite are discussed. The occurrence of some heavy hydrocarbons is expected in the Xihuashan granite.gradually converted to increasingly crystalline and pure carbonaceous material (CM), with graphite as the end product.CM is a common constituent of metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. The isolation and identification of CM in metamorphic rocks are of great petrologic importance in view of the ability of graphite to control the partial pressure of oxygen in the coexisting gaseous phase (French, 1964). As the graphitization of CM in rocks is believed to be irreversible, the extent of graphitization may be a useful indicator of the maximum metamorphic grade attained (Wada et al., 1994), so that many petrologists working at metamorphism have paid attention to the chemical composition and structural state of CM in metamorphic rocks and its geological applications. On the basis of previous works (e.g., Swain et al.,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbonaceous material in S-type Xihuashan granite.

2001

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“…In response to these problems, it is possible that the carbonic fluid coexisting with the halide-melt phase was originally CO 2 -dominant at magmatic temperatures but was later converted to a CH 4 +C 2 H 6 -C 2 H 2 +C 3 H 8 fluid prior to entrapment by some disequilibrium process (i.e., Fischer-Tropsch synthesis; Salvi and Williams-Jones 1997) or that the hydrocarbons survived in a metastable state long enough to be preserved in fluid inclusions. The presence of higher order hydrocarbons preserved in kimberlite pipes (Shepeleva et al 1990) and mantle xenoliths (Mathez 1987;Sugisaki and Mimura 1994) would suggest that such compounds may survive at magmatic conditions for sufficient periods of time to be trapped within inclusions.…”

Section: Origin Of the Brine-ch 4 Assemblagementioning

confidence: 99%

Ore metal redistribution by hydrocarbon–brine and hydrocarbon–halide melt phases, North Range footwall of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, Canada

et al. 2005

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Ore metal redistribution by hydrocarbon-brine and hydrocarbon-halide melt phases, North Range footwall of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, Canada Abstract We report methane-dominant hydrocarbon (fluid) inclusions (CH 4 ±C 2 H 6 -C 2 H 2 , C 3 H 8 ) coexisting with primary brine inclusions and secondary halidemelt (solid NaCl) inclusions in Au-Pt-rich quartz-sulfide-epidote alteration veins associated with the footwall-style Cu-PGE (platinum-group element)-Au deposits at the Fraser Mine (North Range of the Sudbury Igneous Complex). Evidence for coentrapment of immiscible hydrocarbon-brine, and hydrocarbonhalide melt mixtures is demonstrated. A primary CH 4 -brine assemblage was trapped during quartz growth at relatively low T (min. T trapping $145-315°C) and P (max. P trapping $500 bar), prior to the crystallization of sulfide minerals in the veins. Secondary inclusions contain solid halite and a mixture of CH 4 , C 2 H 6 -C 2 H 2 and C 3 H 8 and were trapped at a minimum T of $710°C. The halite inclusions may represent halidemelt that exsolved from crystallizing sulfide ores that texturally postdate (by replacement) early alteration quartz hosting the primary, lower T brine-CH 4 assemblage. Laser ablation ICP-MS analyses show that the brine, hydrocarbon and halide-melt inclusions contain significant concentrations of Cu (0.1-1 wt% range), Au, Bi, Ag and Pt (all 0.1-10 ppm range). Cu:Pt and Cu:Au ratios in the inclusions are significantly (up to 4 log units) lower than in the host alteration veins and adjacent massive sulfide ore veins, suggesting either (1) are lower for Cu, Au, Bi and Ag than for other elements (Na, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb) indicating that during interaction with the brine, the hydrocarbon phase was enriched in ore metals. The high concentrations of ore metals in hydrocarbon, brine and halide-melt phases confirm that both aqueous and non-aqueous volatiles were carriers of precious metals in the Sudbury environment over a wide range of temperatures. Volatile evolution and magmatic sulfide differentiation were clearly part of a single, continuous process in the Sudbury footwall. The exsolution of H 2 O-poor volatiles from fractionated sulfide liquid may have been a principal mechanism controlling the final distribution of PGE and Au in the footwall ore systems. The study reports the first measurements of precious metal concentrations in fluid inclusions from a magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE environment (the Sudbury district).

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“…Some hydrocarbons and organic matters have been found in mantle and meteorite. However, their source and stability are still ambiguous [4,5] . The mantle fluids in the supercritical state, enriched in H 2 and heat energy, are important carrier transporting matter and energy in the earth's interior and provide the ample hydrogen and heat energy for hydrocarbon generation [6] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Evolutive characteristics of aromatics under high pressure and temperature of deep lithosphere

Wang

Duan

et al. 2007

SCI CHINA SER D

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Pyrolysis of lignite in closed systems was conducted at temperatures from 400 to 700℃ and pressure from 1 to 3 GPa in order to investigate the evolutive characteristics of aromatics and the effects of pressure and temperature on the maturation of organic matter under the extreme conditions. The total yield of liquid hydrocarbons decreased with increasing pressure and the aromatics shows more mature with increasing temperature at a given pressure. The data indicate that high pressure significantly suppresses the thermal evolution of geological organic matter especially at lower temperature, but favors the cyclization, polymerization and aromatization of pyrolysate. The pressure effect on maturation of organic matter is nonlinear. Therefore, it can be inferred that sediment organic-matters in the subducted slab could be retained in the deep lithosphere, and the results are also significant for understanding the accumulation and preservation of petroleum in deep reservoirs.high pressure and high temperature, lignite, aromatic hydrocarbon, maturation, isomerzation, petroleum in deep reservoirs More than 180 overpressure basins have been discovered in the world at present. Overpressure not only affects the assessment of oil and gas resources in the superpressure basins, but also closely relates to the accumulation and preservation of petroleum in deep reservoirs [1] . Three conflicting opinions have been proposed based on the experiments about pressure effect on evolution of organic matter: (1) increasing pressure has no detectable effect on organic-matter maturation; (2) increasing pressure enhances the hydrocarbon thermal destruction; and (3) increasing pressure significantly retards the maturation of organic matter and hydrocarbon generation [2,3]

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Mantle hydrocarbons: Abiotic or biotic?

Cited by 127 publications

References 60 publications

Carbonaceous material in S-type Xihuashan granite.

Carbonaceous material in S-type Xihuashan granite.

Ore metal redistribution by hydrocarbon–brine and hydrocarbon–halide melt phases, North Range footwall of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Ontario, Canada

Evolutive characteristics of aromatics under high pressure and temperature of deep lithosphere

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