Manufacturing, assembly, and testing of scaled, historic masonry for one-gravity, pseudo-static, soil-structure experiments

Laefer, Debra F.; Hong, Linh Truong; Erkal, Aykut; Long, James H.; Cording, Edward J.

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.03.066

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The baseline FEM model was verified against previous 1/10 th scale experimental work (Figure 2), where pairs of two-story high, unreinforced masonry walls were subjected to adjacent excavation perpendicular to the plane of the walls [18,22]. In that study, each wall was a single wythe thick of brick and had six windows per story.…”

Section: Scope and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 94%

Impact of modeling architectural detailing for predicting unreinforced masonry response to subsidence

Truong-Hong

Laefer

2013

Automation in Construction

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Publication informationAutomation in Construction, Publisher Elsevier Item record/more information http://hdl.handle.net/10197/4854 Publisher's statementThis is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Automation in Construction. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Automation in Construction (30, , (2013) ABSTRACT:More than one-fifth of the cost of major transport infrastructure projects relates to construction related damage prediction and mitigation. In tunnelling, recent attempts at using remote sensing as a less expensive alternative to traditional surveying for creating computational models of masonry buildings for better damage prediction raises fundamental questions as to the necessary quality of the input data, as there is a direct relationship between data quality and acquisition costs. Given the large quantity of potentially vulnerable buildings along a tunnel's route, features such as windows are typically considered only generally. To understand the implications of such choices and to better explore the viability of using remote sensing as input for computational models, 16 finite element models were devised to investigate the impact of window shape, brick orientation, window size, and the presence of lintels. Response was considered with respect to gravity loads and excavation-induced subsidence. Permutations of three common window shapes were modelled as representative of Georgian brick structures. The base model was benchmarked against large-scale Page 2 experimental work using a non-linear analysis. This study proves that a few simple assumptions can be used in reducing complexity of the building façades during reconstructing 3D building models for computation without causing major errors in structural response based on these models.

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Section: Scope and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 94%

Impact of modeling architectural detailing for predicting unreinforced masonry response to subsidence

Truong-Hong

Laefer

2013

Automation in Construction

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“…Also, the reliability of both theoretical methods and numerical models needs to be verified by experiments. However, there are not too many studies on settlement tests of the masonry structures, especially the large-scale model at present [8][9][10][11][12]. Due to the limitation of the scale and structure-soil interaction, Giardina et al [13][14][15] used scaled models to test the damage and crack propagation of the masonry structures due to tunnel excavation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Crack Initiation and Propagation in the Unreinforced Masonry Specimen Subjected to Vertical Settlement

Wang

et al. 2021

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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To study the cracking process of the wall caused by differential settlement under a uniformly distributed load on the top of the wall, a laboratory model experiment was carried out on large-scale masonry specimens, and the acoustic emission (AE) technique and digital close-range industrial photogrammetry were adopted to monitor the AE signals and displacement characteristics of the masonry specimens during loading in real time. The results show that, in the case of differential settlement with small settlement on both sides and large settlement in the middle, two main cracks appear on the left and right sides of the wall, extending obliquely from bottom to top. During the loading process, damage of the wall is aggravated due to the differential settlement, and both cumulative ringing count and energy count have different periods of steep rise. With the increase in the load and activation of the AE event, the AE event becomes active, and the cumulative ringing count and cumulative energy curve have an obvious turning point, where the slope of the curve is substantially higher than that before the turning point. By using digital close-range industrial photogrammetry, it is observed that the main oblique crack on the left is mainly caused by the difference in the vertical deformation, while the main oblique crack on the right is caused by different displacements and deformation directions of the wall on both sides of the crack.

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“…While these experimental studies have led to an improved understanding of tunnel-soil-building interaction mechanisms, the experiments employed simplified building models, where masonry buildings are idealized with metallic beam or 3D printed plastic structures. Larger 1/10 scale experiments have also been conducted to explore the influence of deep excavations on masonry specimens (Laefer et al, 2011).…”

Section: Large Scale Experimental Settlement Tests To Evaluate Structural Models For Tunnelling-induced Damage Analysis 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Scale Experimental Settlement Tests to Evaluate Structural Models for Tunnelling-Induced Damage Analysis

Dalgic

Gulen

Acikgoz

et al. 2021

Challenges and Innovations in Geomechanics

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Underground construction activities, such as tunnelling, cause local ground movements to occur. Nearby surface structures interact with the moving ground, potentially leading to building damage. Although it is understood that the severity of building damage is influenced by the façade opening ratio (OpR) and the stiffness of the floors, experimental work in this area is lacking. This paper describes the specification and design of an experimental campaign on brick masonry buildings subjected to vertical base movements. The specimens are half-scale models of walls of two-storey buildings; models with different window arrangements and with/without floor slabs are examined. To design the experimental setup, 3D finite element analyses of the model walls were conducted. Key analysis results, presented in this paper, indicate how the examined structural properties (OpR, building weight, floor stiffness) are expected to influence the patterns of damage in the masonry. The finite element results are also used to design an instrumentation system comprising Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors and a digital image correlation (DIC) system. Data from the tests will support the formulation and validation of structural models for predicting tunnelling-induced damage in masonry buildings.

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Manufacturing, assembly, and testing of scaled, historic masonry for one-gravity, pseudo-static, soil-structure experiments

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Impact of modeling architectural detailing for predicting unreinforced masonry response to subsidence

Impact of modeling architectural detailing for predicting unreinforced masonry response to subsidence

Experimental Investigation of Crack Initiation and Propagation in the Unreinforced Masonry Specimen Subjected to Vertical Settlement

Large Scale Experimental Settlement Tests to Evaluate Structural Models for Tunnelling-Induced Damage Analysis

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