Abstract:Preparation and characterization of some new thermochromic microcapsules with surface reactivity, material safety and their incorporation to cotton, and wool fabrics were performed in this work. Poly(methyl methacrylate-comethacrylic acid) P(MMA-co-MAA) was the shell of microencapsulated thermochromic system (TS). The TS acting as a core substance consisted of n-tetradecanol (TD) as solvent, crystal violet lactone (CVL) as a leuco dye and phenolphthalein (PP) as color developer. Particle photographs and averag… Show more
“…New microcapsules with spherical morphology that are phase-shifting and capable of storing latent heat were applied to the fabric surface by the exhaustion method. Microcapsules that change colour with heat exhibited strong binding as they were cross-linked to fabric fibres [58]. Figure 7 Forming microcapsules by emulsion polymerisation [58].…”
Section: Methods Of Making Phase-changing Thermochromic Materialsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Microcapsules that change colour with heat exhibited strong binding as they were cross-linked to fabric fibres [58]. Figure 7 Forming microcapsules by emulsion polymerisation [58]. …”
Section: Methods Of Making Phase-changing Thermochromic Materialsmentioning
Colour transformation in thermochromic materials comes true with the phase transition in the material due to temperature amendments. By using thermochromic fibres, capsules, colourants, or pigments that respond to heat stimulus in various materials, these materials can be given functional properties. Studies on this subject in the literature are generally related to gaining thermochromic properties to main materials such as glass, concrete, asphalt, and wood. Other studies are related to the production of fibres with thermochromic properties and their use in thermochromic fabrics. In this study, the methods used in the progress of intelligent materials were examined. Developments in innovative, smart thermochromic fabrics were assessed. Despite technological progress, much research still needs to be done on textile practices of thermochromic materials.
“…New microcapsules with spherical morphology that are phase-shifting and capable of storing latent heat were applied to the fabric surface by the exhaustion method. Microcapsules that change colour with heat exhibited strong binding as they were cross-linked to fabric fibres [58]. Figure 7 Forming microcapsules by emulsion polymerisation [58].…”
Section: Methods Of Making Phase-changing Thermochromic Materialsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Microcapsules that change colour with heat exhibited strong binding as they were cross-linked to fabric fibres [58]. Figure 7 Forming microcapsules by emulsion polymerisation [58]. …”
Section: Methods Of Making Phase-changing Thermochromic Materialsmentioning
Colour transformation in thermochromic materials comes true with the phase transition in the material due to temperature amendments. By using thermochromic fibres, capsules, colourants, or pigments that respond to heat stimulus in various materials, these materials can be given functional properties. Studies on this subject in the literature are generally related to gaining thermochromic properties to main materials such as glass, concrete, asphalt, and wood. Other studies are related to the production of fibres with thermochromic properties and their use in thermochromic fabrics. In this study, the methods used in the progress of intelligent materials were examined. Developments in innovative, smart thermochromic fabrics were assessed. Despite technological progress, much research still needs to be done on textile practices of thermochromic materials.
“…Varieties of these include microencapsulated colorants for One of the initial microencapsulation applications to achieve innovative effects in textile processing have been microencapsulated dyes and pigments for special textile printing and dyeing. Varieties of these include microencapsulated colorants for permanent dyeing and printing of textiles [19][20][21], as well as colour changing textiles based on thermochromic microcapsules [22][23][24][25], photochromic dyes [26][27][28][29], and electrochromic textiles containing microencapsulated liquid crystals [30][31][32].…”
Section: Microcapsules In Functional Textile Productsmentioning
The review provides an overview of research findings on microencapsulation for functional textile coatings. Methods for the preparation of microcapsules in textiles include in situ and interfacial polymerization, simple and complex coacervation, molecular inclusion and solvent evaporation from emulsions. Binders play a crucial role in coating formulations. Acrylic and polyurethane binders are commonly used in textile finishing, while organic acids and catalysts can be used for chemical grafting as crosslinkers between microcapsules and cotton fibres. Most of the conventional coating processes can be used for microcapsule-containing coatings, provided that the properties of the microcapsules are appropriate. There are standardised test methods available to evaluate the characteristics and washfastness of coated textiles. Among the functional textiles, the field of environmentally friendly biodegradable textiles with microcapsules is still at an early stage of development. So far, some physicochemical and physical microencapsulation methods using natural polymers or biodegradable synthetic polymers have been applied to produce environmentally friendly antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory or fragranced textiles. Standardised test methods for evaluating the biodegradability of textile materials are available. The stability of biodegradable microcapsules and the durability of coatings during the use and care of textiles still present several challenges that offer many opportunities for further research.
“…Besides, flame retardant polymers, including tetrabromobisphenol-A were also prepared using the polymers ( 5 ). It makes different polymers, such as epoxy resins, polycarbonates, and other polymer materials ( 6 , 7 ). Epoxy resins and polycarbonates were in high demand in 2015, 64 and 34%, respectively.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Polycarbonates and epoxy resins are prominent polymers in significant bisphenol applications. Some other uses of bisphenol A include the production of different resins (unsaturated polyester, polysulfone, polyetherimide, and polyacrylate) ( 6 , 7 ). In 2015, global demand for polycarbonates and epoxy resins was 64 and 34%, respectively.…”
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic chemical widely employed to synthesize epoxy resins, polymer materials, and polycarbonate plastics. BPA is abundant in the environment, i.e., in food containers, water bottles, thermal papers, toys, medical devices, etc., and is incorporated into soil/water through leaching. Being a potent endocrine disrupter, and has the potential to alter several body mechanisms. Studies confirmed its anti-androgen action and estrogen-like effects, which impart many negative health impacts, especially on the immune system, neuroendocrine process, and reproductive mechanism. Moreover, it can also induce mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, as per recent scientific research. This review focuses on BPA’s presence and concentrations in different environments, food sources and the basic mechanisms of BPA-induced toxicity and health disruptions. It is a unique review of its type because it focuses on the association of cancer, hormonal disruption, immunosuppression, and infertility with BPA. These issues are widespread today, and BPA significantly contributes to their incidence because of its wide usage in daily life utensils and other accessories. The review also discusses researched-based measures to cope with the toxic chemical.
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