Mapping of tecto-lineaments and investigate their association with earthquakes in Egypt: a hybrid approach using remote sensing data

Abstract

This study integrates quantitative methods to detect surface and near-surface geological linear structures from digital elevation model. A set of altitude, slope and shaded relief maps was enhanced by applying Sobel filter with 10% threshold and percentile stretch to detect geological fractures and their displacements over regional scale. Topographic fabric grain algorithm, which classifies point lines into the ridge/valley and quantifies the degree to which all the ridges and valleys are aligned in the same direction, was used to auto-detect lineaments. About 1300 linear features were computed and their orientations were statistically analysed using rose diagrams. The enhanced morphometric maps successfully visualized fault zones and their displacements and detected the regional fault zones cutting across the entire Egypt. Their trends were found to be in the NEÀSW, NNEÀSSW, NWÀSE, NNWÀSSE, NÀS, EÀW and WNWÀESE directions. The results obtained using the integrated methods were compared with those in geological and seismic maps of Egypt and showed strong agreement in several places. This proposed method may be useful for mapping concealed geological structures, where geophysical surveying is difficult and geological information not available.

Pre-earthquake Anomaly Detection and Assessment through Lineament Changes Observation Using Multi-temporal Landsat 8-OLI Imageries: Case of Gorkha and Imphal

“…Biswajit Nath 1,2,3 *, Zheng Niu 1,2 * and Shukla Acharjee 4 *Address all correspondence to: nath.gis79@gmail.com and niuzheng@radi.ac.cn…”

“…The lineament defines as linear features in a landscape identified on satellite images and aerial photographs, most likely have a geological origin. Generally, lineaments are underlying by structural zone, fractured zone, a series of fault or fold aligned hills zone of localized weathering and zone of increased permeability, porosity, seismicity, landslide formation [2], active erosion, and karst development [3].…”

“…Moreover, lineament mapping and analyses have been gaining popularity with the increasing availability of satellite images [16]. Since satellite images are obtained from varying wavelength intervals of the electromagnetic spectrum, they are considered to be a better tool to discriminate the lineaments and to produce better information rather than conventional aerial photographs.…”

Mapping of tecto-lineaments and their influence on sedimentological processes in a GIS environment: a case study of the Iberian trough, Spain

“…Several techniques have been developed to map lineaments using automated algorithms (see Casas et al 2000;Ekneligoda & Henkel 2010;Elmahdy et al 2012;Elmahdy & Mohamed 2016b). However, the lineaments were drawn manually, taking into account previous works that were carried out in the same area (Herrero-Hernández et al 2010and HerreroHernández & Gómez-Fernández 2012).…”

Structural Relationship between Brittle Deformation and Paleozoic to Mesozoic Basalt Dykes in the Precambrian Basement of the Southern Continental Part of the Cameroon Volcanic Line

“…The use of remote sensing data such as Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) is a good source for the mapping of topographic expression of tectolineaments [7] [12]. SRTM satellite images were used to extract lineaments.…”