Marburg Virus Disease in Tanzania: The most recent outbreak

Marburg virus disease is a looming threat in the Republic of Guinea

“…1 Avoid contact with bodily fluids [29] Avoid contact with blood, urine, feces, saliva, sweat, vomit, breast milk, amniotic fluid, semen, and vaginal fluids of infected individuals 2 Transfer suspected cases to healthcare system [30] Any suspected case should instantly be transferred to a healthcare system for treatment and isolation instead of managing at home 3 Proceed with caution during aerosol-generating procedures [31] When doing procedures that generate aerosols, proceed with utmost caution 4 Use protective gear when handling wildlife [30] Use gloves and other suitable protective gear while handling wildlife 5 Use infection prevention and control measures [32] Health and care providers should use IPC measures, such as conventional and transmission-based precautions when caring for patients with confirmed or suspected MVD 6 Safer sexual activities for male survivors [28] Male MVD survivors must engage in safer sexual activities and maintain better personal hygiene until their semen tests Marburg virus-free twice 7 Safely dispose of infected dead bodies [31] MVD infected dead bodies should be safely disposed of…”

“…Also, sporadic cases have been reported in people who gave a travel history, like a cave inhabited by the Rousettus aegyptiacus bat colony in Uganda. That is why the risk of exposure to MVD is very high for people who visit such caves, and more people are at risk because of a lack of awareness and inadequate safety precautions such as wearing masks, gloves, and PPE [28] . It should be noted that addressing all these issues is vital for effective combat and control of the disease.…”

The Current Pathogenicity and Potential Risk Evaluation of Marburg Virus to Cause Mysterious “Disease X”—An Update on Recent Evidences

“… 11 Similar to that, human-to-human transmission occurs when an individual comes into direct contact with another infected person’s body fluid or blood, along with surfaces or objects (cloth or bedding) infected with the same. 22 The probability of Marburg virus transmission via sexual contact had been speculated when the virus was found in the sperm of a previously infected patient in 1968, who later transferred the virus to his wife. 23 In 1975, Marburg virus was found in the aqueous humor of an MVD survivor who had uveitis.…”

Concurrent emergence of Marburg virus disease in Tanzania and Equatorial Guinea: a ticking time bomb

“…Another cardinal challenge to preventing and controlling the spread of MVD is the poorly understood ecological and epidemiological variables that govern the etiopathology of the Marburg virus, that is, the inexact nature of the mode of transmission of the disease from Egyptian rosettes to humans, marred by the currency of coexisting epidemics like cholera and measles. Other challenges are porous borders and suboptimal cross-border surveillance, a lack of effective vaccines and drugs to arrest the virulence of the emergent pathogen, paltry funding, media underrepresentation, and public naivete [4] . A diagnostic and management dilemma is seen in both countries because it is difficult to clinically distinguish MVD from other common infectious diseases, such as malaria.…”

“…It is necessary to determine all of the Marburg virus natural maintenance hosts. Designing effective tactics to combat the deadly Marburg virus requires proactive planning and intense collaboration among researchers, public health specialists, policymakers, and biologists [4,5] .…”