Marine Reservoir Corrections: St. Helena, South Atlantic Ocean

Lewis, Colin A.; Reimer, Paula J.; Reimer, Ron W

doi:10.1017/s0033822200033579

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Using a 25% SAW fraction in TSW, similarly as in SMW, and NEC ∆ 14 C at ~–39‰ in ~1835 (Goodkin et al 2012) (Table 2), one may calculate a ∆ 14 C value of the SEC at –85‰ when ∆ 14 C is ~–50‰ in 1835 off Martinique. This calculated value is identical to the one determined at ~–85‰ in AD 1815–1835 at Santa Helena located within the southern branch of the SEC (Lewis et al 2008). To augment the ∆ 14 C near Martinique by ~5‰ such as from 1835 to 1845, the SAW fraction might be reduced from 25% to 15%.…”

Section: Comparison Of R and ∆14c In Chancel 1 And In Corals And Sclesupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Between 1835 and 1845, a reduced northward advection of the South Atlantic Waters, characterized by low SSS and low ∆ 14 C, towards the Martinique Island is inferred from the well-correlated increase of both δ 18 O and ∆ 14 C. Using modern estimates of the SAW fraction around the Lesser Antilles (Kirchner et al 2009) and values of ∆ 14 C in the South Atlantic (Lewis et al 2008) and subtropical North Atlantic (Goodkin et al, 2012), we calculated that the SAW fraction off Martinique Island was reduced from 25% to 15% from 1835 to 1845. Thus, although the sea surface ∆ 14 C compare well between the two decadal records in the western tropical North Atlantic, their variability indicates changes in ocean dynamics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

Figure 1(A) Location of corals, scleroponges, and mollusk shells cited in the text and schematic patterns of the oceanic currents. 1: Martinique; 2: Cariaco basin (Guilderson et al 2005); 3: Puerto-Rico (Kilbourne et al 2007); 4: Belize (Druffel 1980); 5: Gulf of Mexico (Wagner et al 2005); 6: Florida (Druffel and Linick 1978; Druffel 1980, 1982); 7: Bahamas (Fernandez et al 2012); 8: Bermuda north shore (Druffel 1989; 1997); 9: Bermuda south shore (Goodkin et al 2012); 10: Santa Helena (Lewis et al 2008). NEC: North Equatorial current; NECC: North Equatorial undercurrent; NBC: North Brazil current; GC: Guiana current; SEC: South Equatorial current; EAW: East Atlantic current; CC: Caribbean current; GS: Gulf Stream.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reservoir Ages in the Western Tropical North Atlantic from One Coral off Martinique Island (Lesser Antilles)

Paterne

Feuillet²,

Cabioch³

et al. 2018

Radiocarbon

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Sea surface reservoir ages (R) are reported from radiocarbon (14C) measurements of the annual growth bands of coral Siderastrea siderea collected on the Atlantic coast off Martinique Island, in the Lesser Antilles volcanic arc. Mean values of R are similar between 1835 and 1845 during pre-anthropogenic times at 385±30 yr and between 1895 and 1905 at 382±20 yr when there was a huge eruption from the Montagne Pelée volcano in 1902–1903. Limited 14C aging of sea surface (~40 yr) may be due to enhanced volcanic activity. Variability of R is slightly greater during 1835–1845 than during 1895–1905. It is linked to a moderate increase of ∆14C of 5‰, strengthened by a clear increase of δ18O of 0.4‰. This is attributed to a decrease of the northward advection of the South Atlantic Waters into the western tropical North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea and relative enhanced westward flux of the tropical North Atlantic surface waters, the southern waters having lower values of 14C and δ18O than the North Atlantic ones. From 1835 to 1845, the fraction of the South Atlantic Waters transported up to Martinique Island was reduced from 25% to 15%.

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Section: Comparison Of R and ∆14c In Chancel 1 And In Corals And Sclesupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reservoir Ages in the Western Tropical North Atlantic from One Coral off Martinique Island (Lesser Antilles)

Paterne

Feuillet²,

Cabioch³

et al. 2018

Radiocarbon

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show abstract

“…We treated these features as known age, preatomic‐bomb specimens and included uncertainty of ±10–13 years to account for the age range of the historical artifacts recovered in the features. Similar approaches to determining Δ R using shellfish from known age historical features have been used by Lewis et al () for St. Helena Island in the South Atlantic and Thomas () for St. Catherine's Island, Georgia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shell Middens, Cultural Chronologies, and Coastal Settlement on the Rhode River Sub‐Estuary of Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, USA

et al. 2014

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North America's Atlantic Coast has been a focus of human settlement and subsistence for millennia, but sea‐level rise, sedimentation, and other processes pose significant challenges for archaeological research. Radiocarbon dating of 31 shell middens near the Rhode River Estuary, Maryland provides an opportunity to evaluate human land use, settlement, and cultural chronologies on the Chesapeake Bay. Sixty calibrated radiocarbon dates on eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) shell and charcoal demonstrate that Native Americans, colonial, and historic peoples harvested oysters and other shellfish from at least 3200 years ago through the 19th century. The number of dated sites increases during the Late Woodland period after about 1000 cal yr B.P., a factor probably related to greater site visibility and preservation, as well as increased human exploitation of the watershed. Accumulation rates for five of the shell middens provide preliminary indications that some of the sites accumulated rapidly suggesting, along with other evidence, that many of the region's shell middens were logistical or perhaps seasonal camps. Our study demonstrates the importance of regional watershed surveys and radiocarbon dating programs to help build and refine cultural chronologies in coastal regions threatened by sea‐level rise and other processes.

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“…Both were based on single shells (Southon et al, 2002). Lewis et al (2008aLewis et al ( , 2008b predicted a significantly larger value of ∆R for the west coast of South Africa/Namibia for the period ad 1707 to 1834 (243 to 116 cal. BP), based on measurements of marine shells from St Helena Island.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Late-Holocene marine radiocarbon reservoir correction (ΔR) for the west coast of South Africa

Dewar

Reimer²,

Sealy

et al. 2012

The Holocene

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In order to calibrate radiocarbon ages based on samples with a marine carbon component it is important to know the marine carbon reservoir correction or ΔR value. This study measured the ΔR on both known-age pre-bomb marine shells and paired marine and terrestrial samples from two regions on the west coast of South Africa: the southwestern Cape and Namaqualand. Pooling the data by region produces ΔR values that are similar enough to use a west coast weighted mean ΔR of 146 ± 85 14C years to correctly calibrate marine shell or mixed marine and terrestrial 14C ages. There are however temporal differences in ΔR throughout the Holocene, which we compare with proxy data for upwelling and sea surface temperatures.

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Marine Reservoir Corrections: St. Helena, South Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

Reservoir Ages in the Western Tropical North Atlantic from One Coral off Martinique Island (Lesser Antilles)

Reservoir Ages in the Western Tropical North Atlantic from One Coral off Martinique Island (Lesser Antilles)

Shell Middens, Cultural Chronologies, and Coastal Settlement on the Rhode River Sub‐Estuary of Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, USA

Late-Holocene marine radiocarbon reservoir correction (ΔR) for the west coast of South Africa

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