Markers of Epidermal Stem Cell Subpopulations in Adult Mammalian Skin

Kretzschmar, Kai; Watt, Fiona M.

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a013631

Cited by 95 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 118 publications

(154 reference statements)

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“…A pool of more immature epidermal stem cells is located in the bulge, a region of the hair follicle located in close proximity to the sebaceous gland. In response to wounding, these cells move upward out of the follicle, replenish the stem cell compartment of the basal layer and participate in the reepithelization process 21,142,174,259). Similarly, in the postnatal brain, the stem cell-derived neuroblasts leave the neurogenic niches of the subventricular zone and translocate rostrally to the olfactory bulb, where these cells change the mode of migration from tangential to radial and ultimately differentiate into neurons (185,215,227,356).…”

Section: Stem Cell Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In a similar manner, proliferating dermal stem cells and transient amplifying cells are located within the basal layer of the epidermis attached to the basement membrane. Immature cells detach from the underlying membrane and move toward the skin outmost layer in the process of terminal differentiation (21,143,174). A pool of more immature epidermal stem cells is located in the bulge, a region of the hair follicle located in close proximity to the sebaceous gland.…”

Section: Stem Cell Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aging Effects on Cardiac Progenitor Cell Physiology

Rota

Goichberg

Anversa

et al. 2015

Comprehensive Physiology

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Cardiac aging has been confounded by the concept that the heart is a postmitotic organ characterized by a predetermined number of myocytes, which is established at birth and largely preserved throughout life until death of the organ and organism. Based on this premise, the age of cardiac cells should coincide with that of the organism; at any given time, the heart would be composed of a homogeneous population of myocytes of identical age. The discovery that stem cells reside in the heart and generate cardiac cell lineages has imposed a reconsideration of the mechanisms implicated in the manifestations of the aging myopathy. The progressive alterations of terminally differentiated myocytes, and vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells may represent an epiphenomenon dictated by aging effects on cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs). Changes in the properties of CPCs with time may involve loss of self-renewing capacity, increased symmetric division with formation of daughter committed cells, partial depletion of the primitive pool, biased differentiation to the fibroblast fate, impaired ability to migrate, and forced entry into an irreversible quiescent state. Telomere shortening is a major variable of cellular senescence and organ aging, and support the notion that CPCs with critically shortened or dysfunctional telomeres contribute to myocardial aging and chronic heart failure. These defects constitute the critical variables that define the aging myopathy in humans. Importantly, a compartment of functionally competent human CPCs persists in the decompensated heart pointing to stem cell therapy as a novel form of treatment for the aging myopathy.

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Section: Stem Cell Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Stem Cell Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging Effects on Cardiac Progenitor Cell Physiology

Rota

Goichberg

Anversa

et al. 2015

Comprehensive Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The hair is shown in the resting phase of the hair growth cycle. [Redrawn from (60).] in the hair follicle and, on contraction, causes the hair follicles to become erect.…”

Section: Skin Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Mammalian skin cell biology: At the interface between laboratory and clinic

Watt

2014

Science

180

174

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Mammalian skin research represents the convergence of three complementary disciplines: cell biology, mouse genetics, and dermatology. The skin provides a paradigm for current research in cell adhesion, inflammation, and tissue stem cells. Here, I discuss recent insights into the cell biology of skin. Single-cell analysis has revealed that human epidermal stem cells are heterogeneous and differentiate in response to multiple extrinsic signals. Live-cell imaging, optogenetics, and cell ablation experiments show skin cells to be remarkably dynamic. High-throughput, genome-wide approaches have yielded unprecedented insights into the circuitry that controls epidermal stem cell fate. Last, integrative biological analysis of human skin disorders has revealed unexpected functions for elements of the skin that were previously considered purely structural.

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“…Notch signaling) and intrinsic factors (e.g., Ascl1) have been observed to regulate MG activation in fish, birds, and rodents (8), their status as markers of activated MG in different stages of regeneration remain unspecified. Progress in understanding the regenerative mechanisms in tissues like blood (34), intestine (35), and skin (36) has been facilitated by the identification and characterization of markers of the resident stem cells and their progenies. Within the CNS, insight into regeneration in the SVZ has come from the characterization of B1 quiescent and active progenitors and resulting neuroblasts (37).…”

Section: Neurogenic Potentials Of Mg In Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the Neurogenic Potential of Mammalian Müller Glia

Xia

Ahmad

2016

IJSC

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Müller glia (MG) are the primary support cells in the vertebrate retina, regulating homeostasis in one of the most metabolically active tissues. In lower vertebrates such as fish, they respond to injury by proliferating and reprogramming to regenerate retinal neurons. In mammals, MG may also react to injury by proliferating, but they fail to initiate regeneration. The barriers to regeneration could be intrinsic to mammalian MG or the function of the niche that cannot support the MG reprogramming required for lineage conversion or both. Understanding these mechanisms in light of those being discovered in fish may lead to the formulation of strategies to unlock the neurogenic potential of MG and restore regeneration in the mammalian retina.

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Markers of Epidermal Stem Cell Subpopulations in Adult Mammalian Skin

Cited by 95 publications

References 118 publications

Aging Effects on Cardiac Progenitor Cell Physiology

Aging Effects on Cardiac Progenitor Cell Physiology

Mammalian skin cell biology: At the interface between laboratory and clinic

Unlocking the Neurogenic Potential of Mammalian Müller Glia

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