Masculinity and the persistence of AIDS stigma

Wyrod, Robert

doi:10.1080/13691058.2010.542565

Cited by 81 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Economic disempowerment of men and women's greater role in providing for the family undermines masculinity (Silberschmidt, 2001). This has been documented among men living with HIV in Uganda (Siu, Wight, & Seeley, 2014;Wyrod, 2011). Our study shows how men relinquish some of their masculine power in favour of financial benefits from FSWs while maintaining relationships with other women with whom they can exercise their masculine privileges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Relationship dynamics and sexual risk behaviour of male partners of female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda

Mbonye

Siu

Kiwanuka

et al. 2016

African Journal of AIDS Research

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Male regular partners of female sex workers represent an important population to reach with HIV-prevention interventions. In this paper we discuss the relationship dynamics and HIV/STI risk behaviour of men involved with self-identified female sex workers (FSW) in Kampala. Between 2011 and 2014 we conducted repeat in-depth interviews with 42 male partners of FSWs attending a clinic for women at high risk of HIV-infection in Kampala. Men publicly struggled with the stigma of dating women who are considered to be engaged in a shamed profession, but privately saw meaning in these relationships. In coping with the stigma, some described the work of their partners in terms that distanced them from sex work, while others struggled to have the control that `being a man' demanded since they could not monitor all movements of their partners. Dealing with HIV disclosure was hard, and seeking support difficult for some of the men leading to missed opportunities and guilt. Despite challenges, relationships with sex workers offered men some benefits such as access to much needed care and treatment. A few men also admitted to being motivated by material and financial benefits from sex workers who they perceived as being rich and this was one factor that helped them sustain the relationships. These findings offer insights into the complex relationship dynamics within high risk sexual partnerships but the findings suggest that effective interventions that are couple centred can be established to promote better health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Relationship dynamics and sexual risk behaviour of male partners of female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda

Mbonye

Siu

Kiwanuka

et al. 2016

African Journal of AIDS Research

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“…The age difference between partners in patriarchal societies perpetuates the power imbalance in relationships, which increases the vulnerability of the women to HIV infection. Moreover, literature suggests that as men get older, their chances of becoming HIV positive increase [15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural practices, gender inequality and inconsistent condom use increase vulnerability to HIV infection: narratives from married and cohabiting women in rural communities in Mpumalanga province, South Africa

Madiba

Ngwenya

2017

Global Health Action

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Background: Women in sub-Saharan Africa bear the brunt of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, and older married women and those in cohabiting relationships are regarded as the largest HIV risk group. Although preventing HIV infection in married or stable relationships is an international HIV prevention priority, little is known about the influence of sociocultural contexts on safe-sex practice by women, particularly older women in rural communities in South Africa. Objectives: This study aimed to examine how older women in a rural patriarchal society negotiate safer sex within marital and long-term cohabitation relationships, and their perceptions and experiences of barriers that influence condom use. Methods: Focus group discussions were conducted with married and cohabiting women aged 40–60 years recruited from primary health facilities in a rural district in Mpumalanga province, South Africa. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyse the data. Results: We found that although women reported negotiating safe sex in their relationships, they dreaded the possible consequences of suggesting condom use with their partners. Many factors made negotiating safe sex complex for these women: living in a patriarchal society where women play no part in sexual decision making, the fear of possible consequences of insisting on condom use, women’s inferior social position in marital relationships, cultural practices such as bride price, and gender inequality were the main barriers to practising safer sex. Conclusions: Older married and cohabiting women dreaded negotiating safer sex in this patriarchal society where women’s subordination is legitimized. The findings suggest that the women were at high risk of HIV infection because of their inability to negotiate condom use, or to reject forced sex and non-consensual sex. There is a need for interventions targeting older married and cohabiting couples and key stakeholders within communities to create awareness about cultural practices and beliefs that undermine women and HIV prevention efforts.

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“…Para Wyrod (2011), apesar de haver mudanças nessa representação, os homens culturalmente ainda são apontados como "sexo forte", como aquele que provê, atendendo às necessidades conjugais, com a responsabilidade da decisão em sua família (WYROD, 2011); dessa forma, sentimentos de culpa, pela infecção; vergonha, por ter tido ações de risco, como no uso de drogas, envolvimento em relações sexuais desprotegidas ou na promiscuidade, podem expor e fragilizar a imagem do homem, deixando-os mais vulneráveis à estigmatização (HASAN et al, 2012).…”

Section: A Estigmatização E a Sua Relação Com O Hiv/aidsunclassified

“…A comparação entre as variáveis da vida afetivo-sexual com a Escala de Estigmatização (Tabela 7), não resultou em diferença estatisticamente significante, mesmo havendo estudos que encontraram relação importante entre o estigma com a orientação sexual (SMIT et al, 2012), parceria sexual (SMITH;MBAKWEM, 2010;SOUSA et al, 2013;WYROD, 2011) e uso de preservativos (HASAN et al, 2012 Nesses domínios, estatisticamente significantes com a exposição ao HIV, os menores valores de mediana e média foram na categoria "não sabem".…”

Section: Gir 2016)unclassified

“…Já quando relacionada às parcerias sexuais fixas, heterossexuais e de longos anos de convivência, quando ocorre a descoberta da transmissão do HIV, geralmente comum nos exames no pré-natal, tem-se, além do sentimento de medo em relação à aids, o rompimento da confiança no cônjuge, pela sensação de traição da parceria (RODRIGUES et al, 2012;SANTOS et al, 2009;VARGENS, 2009 , 2011;GARRITO et al, 2007;SOUZA et al, 2013), tal como na presença de comorbidades, de modo que tanto os efeitos adversos como as comorbidades podem estar relacionados com as alterações corporais, afetando a qualidade de vida das pessoas e expondo-as à estigmatização relacionada ao HIV/aids (PASSOS; SOUZA, 2015).…”

Section: Gir 2016)unclassified

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Estigmatização de pessoas que vivem com HIV/aids e sua relação com suporte social e qualidade de vida

Caliari¹

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Masculinity and the persistence of AIDS stigma

Cited by 81 publications

References 22 publications

Relationship dynamics and sexual risk behaviour of male partners of female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda

Relationship dynamics and sexual risk behaviour of male partners of female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda

Cultural practices, gender inequality and inconsistent condom use increase vulnerability to HIV infection: narratives from married and cohabiting women in rural communities in Mpumalanga province, South Africa

Estigmatização de pessoas que vivem com HIV/aids e sua relação com suporte social e qualidade de vida

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