Masked, controlled study to investigate the efficacy of aStaphylococcus intermediusautogenous bacterin for the control of canine idiopathic recurrent superficial pyoderma

Abstract

A masked, controlled study was designed to investigate the clinical efficacy of a staphylococcal autogenous bacterin for the control of canine idiopathic recurrent pyoderma (IRP). Ten dogs with at least three prior episodes of recurrent superficial pyoderma were recruited. All were screened and found to be free of ectoparasitic and fungal disease and failed to respond favourably to a dietary trial. Those exhibiting signs of pruritus responded completely to antibacterial therapy. Haematological and biochemical parameters were generally unremarkable and all dogs were euthyroid. Staphylococcus intermedius cultures from lesions were used to produce an autogenous bacterin for each animal. A numerical 'lesion score' was allocated and dogs were randomly divided into two groups of five (groups 1 and 2). Both groups received a 4-week course of antibiotic; group 1 also received concurrent s/c injections of bacterin, which continued until week 10. Group 2 received no additional therapy. All dogs were re-examined and rescored at weeks 5 and 10 and repeat blood samples were submitted at week 10 to screen for adverse effects. Comparison of scores at week 0 and week 5 (Mann-Whitney U-test) revealed no significant differences between the groups. At week 10, group 2 (control group) individual lesion scores were significantly higher compared with the group receiving bacterin (P < 0.05) and there was a significantly greater increase in the sum of the individual lesion scores for group 2 compared with group 1, from week 5 to week 10 (P < 0.05). No adverse reactions to bacterin therapy were detected. These results suggest that autogenous bacterins may provide an alternative, safe, effective method for the control of canine IRP. Further studies using larger groups of dogs and for a longer follow-up period are now warranted.

Efficacy of a surgical scrub including 2% chlorhexidine acetate for canine superficial pyoderma

“…To the best of our knowledge, there are no evaluated methods for canine superficial pyoderma like the CADESI‐03 for canine atopic dermatitis 14 . We therefore used a modification of a previously reported scoring system 13,15 . All dogs were subjectively evaluated by owners and investigators after two applications (1 week) as follows: excellent (score 3), having complete disappearance of skin lesions after treatment; good (score 2), having apparent improvement with some lesions remaining after treatment; fair (score 1), having no apparent improvement and some newly developed lesions after treatment; or poor (score 0), having exacerbation during treatment.…”

“…14 We therefore used a modification of a previously reported scoring system. 13,15 All dogs were subjectively evaluated by owners and investigators after two applications (1 week) as follows: excellent (score 3), having complete disappearance of skin lesions after treatment; good (score 2), having apparent improvement with some lesions remaining after treatment; fair (score 1), having no apparent improvement and some newly developed lesions after treatment; or poor (score 0), having exacerbation during treatment. The investigators also took digital images and scored skin lesions, including excoriation, erythema, crusted papules and scales, before and after the trial.…”

Guidelines for the diagnosis and antimicrobial therapy of canine superficial bacterial folliculitis (AntimicrobialGuidelinesWorkingGroup of theInternationalSociety forCompanionAnimalInfectiousDiseases)

“…Accordingly, their use is strongly discouraged. The use of autogenous bacterins 62,63 or commercial bacterial antigens 64 is encouraged. However, very few studies of the efficacy and usefulness of these measures have been reported and further research is necessary.…”

Genomic and Surface Proteomic Analysis of the Canine Pathogen Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Reveals Proteins That Mediate Adherence to the Extracellular Matrix

“…Although rare, several episodes of life-threatening infections of humans by S. pseudintermedius have been reported, with the typical route of transmission being through dog bite wounds (17,36). Previously, crude vaccine preparations based on Staphylococcus aureus phage lysate or S. pseudintermedius autogenous bacterin have shown promise as adjunctive therapies for treatment of pyoderma (7,8), and a rationally designed effective vaccine would be a highly desirable means to reducing the suffering associated with the disease.…”