Masonry wall behaviour under explosive loading

Sielicki, Piotr W.; Łodygowski, Tomasz

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.05.030

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The algorithm used to determine the explosive load caused by the detonation of the external charge of 5 kg of TNT is presented below. The equivalent charge radius r 0 = 6.05 m was obtained according to Sachs’ law [ 41 , 42 ] from Equation (4):

where p 0 represents the initial pressure in the medium, taken from the International Standard Atmosphere model (ISA) ( p 0 = 101,325 Pa ≅ 0,1 MPa); E = mQ represents the explosion energy; m represents the charge mass ( m = 5 kg); and Q represents the heat of the explosion for the TNT ( Q = 4500 kJ/kg) [ 19 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where p0 represents the initial pressure in the medium, taken from the International Standard Atmosphere model (ISA) (p0 = 101,325 Pa ≅ 0,1 MPa); E = mQ represents the explosion energy; m represents the charge mass (m = 5 kg); and Q represents the heat of the explosion for the TNT (Q = 4500 kJ/kg) [19]. The proximity factor Z, expressed by Equation 5, indicates the two explosion zones, namely the close zone and the far zone, for Z ≤ 1.0 and Z > 1.0, respectively.…”

Section: Analytical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [ 18 ], the experimental and numerical investigation of masonry wall behavior under blast loading was discussed. Additionally, in [ 19 ], the safety conditions for a one-way masonry wall under a blast, and the numerical solution for coupled charge–air–structure integration inducing failure, were proposed. The research papers presented above deal with the behavior of the building (as a whole) or with a specific structural element when subjected to accidental actions caused by the explosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blast Test and Failure Mechanisms of Soft-Core Sandwich Panels for Storage Halls Applications

et al. 2020

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In this paper, an experimental investigation is presented for sandwich panels with various core layer materials (polyisocyanurate foam, mineral wool, and expanded polystyrene) when subjected to a justified blast load. The field tests simulated the case for when 5 kg of trinitrotoluene (TNT) is localized outside a building’s facade with a 5150 mm stand-off distance. The size and distance of the blast load from the obstacle can be understood as the case of both accidental action and a real terroristic threat. The sandwich panels have a nominal thickness, with the core layer equal 100 mm and total exterior dimensions of 1180 mm × 3430 mm. Each sandwich panel was connected with two steel columns made of I140 PE section using three self-drilling fasteners per panel width, which is a standard number of fasteners suggested by the producers. The steel columns were attached to massive reinforced concrete blocks via wedge anchors. The conducted tests revealed that the weakest links of a single sandwich panel, subjected to a blast load, were both the fasteners and the strength of the core. Due to the shear failure of the fasteners, the integrity between the sandwich panel and the main structure is not provided. A comparison between the failure mechanisms for continuous (polyisocyanurate foam and expanded polystyrene) and non-continuous (mineral wool) core layer materials were conducted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analytical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blast Test and Failure Mechanisms of Soft-Core Sandwich Panels for Storage Halls Applications

et al. 2020

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“…Innovative thermal measurement techniques could not only be used in ballistics, but in related dynamic areas too. Those techniques could be adopted in scientific studies regarding blast studies [ 18 , 19 , 20 ] but also in research regarding constitutive frameworks, such as [ 21 , 22 ]. Finally, the ballistic studies could be enhanced by thermal techniques, for instance in [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Measurement of a Bullet in Flight

Kerampran

Gajewski

Sielicki

2020

Sensors

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This study answers a primary question concerning how the temperature changes during the flight of a bullet. To answer the question, the authors performed unique research to measure the initial temperatures of bullet surfaces and applied it to four kinds of projectiles in a series of field experiments. The technique determines the temperature changes on metallic objects in flight that reach a velocity of 300 to 900 m/s. Until now, the tests of temperature change available in the literature include virtual points that are adopted to ideal laboratory conditions using classic thermomechanical equations. The authors conducted the first study of its kind, in which is considered four projectiles in field conditions in which a metallic bullet leaves a rifle barrel after a powder deflagration. During this process, heat is partly transferred to the bullet from the initial explosion of the powder and barrel-bullet friction. In this case, the temperature determination of a bullet is complex because it concerns different points on the external surface. Thus, for the first time the authors measured the temperatures at different position on the bullet surface. Moreover, the authors showed that basic thermodynamic equations allow for the credible prediction of such behavior if the initial conditions are identified correctly. This novel identification of the initial conditions of temperature and velocity of flying bullets was not presented anywhere else up to now.

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“…The measurement of the behavior of brittle materials under high‐speed, dynamic loadings is a challenging task. Most of this research is possible using advanced gauges and it should be continuously supported by an advanced FEM design . Moreover, bullet penetration through the material generates very high values of local strain rates which changes rapidly the material properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental measurement of the bullet trajectory after perforation of a chambered window

Sielicki

Pludra

Przybylski

2019

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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The assessment of the failure and final response for glass structures loaded by highspeed events such as blast or projectile loading are challenging tasks for researchers.For many studies, knowledge about the strain rate effect in brittle materials and well described finite element simulations are not enough to reach a correct outcome. For that reason, only experimental assessments can give credible results. Moreover, the impacting glass fragments or projectiles often change the angle of the trajectory after perforation of a target. In this study, the authors present the change in the 3000 J military bullet trajectory after total penetration of a two-chambered civil engineering facade window. A series of actual tests were performed for different angles of the soda-lime float glass specimen that were subjected to bullet impact. The results obtained chambered windows given an understanding of the behavior of the separate glass surfaces under such complex scenarios. Furthermore, the presented tests support the designers and military shooters by the assessment methodology of projectile bullet trajectory change as a function of the incident angle. K E Y W O R D S bullet, experiment, glass failure, glass safety, projectile trajectory 442 | SIELICKI Et aL. How to cite this article: Sielicki PW, Pludra A, Przybylski M. Experimental measurement of the bullet trajectory after perforation of a chambered window. Int J Appl Glass Sci. 2019;10:441-448. https ://doi.

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Masonry wall behaviour under explosive loading

Cited by 36 publications

References 51 publications

Blast Test and Failure Mechanisms of Soft-Core Sandwich Panels for Storage Halls Applications

Blast Test and Failure Mechanisms of Soft-Core Sandwich Panels for Storage Halls Applications

Temperature Measurement of a Bullet in Flight

Experimental measurement of the bullet trajectory after perforation of a chambered window

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