Mass spectrometric analysis and aerodynamic properties of various types of combustion-related aerosol particles

Schneider, Johannes; Weimer, S.; Drewnick, Frank; Borrmann, Stephan; Helas, G.; Gwaze, Patience; Schmid, Otmar; Andreae, Meinrat O.; Kirchner, U.

doi:10.1016/j.ijms.2006.07.008

Cited by 285 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Table 1 summarizes our findings and respective conditions. When combined with the findings of other reports Schneider et al 2006), a sufficient body of experimental evidence exists to warrant caution when using silicone tubing for aerosol sampling and characterization experiments, especially since standard testing procedures may not reveal the contamination.…”

Section: Sampling Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Since the fuel rich flames produced soot particles whereas the oxygen rich flames did not, the authors infer that the PDMS contaminant partitions preferentially onto soot. Schneider et al (2006) also report PDMS contamination of soot particles produced by a spark soot generator. Yu et al (2009) report siloxane uptake onto NaNO 3 particles (83 nm geometric mean diameter).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Siloxane Uptakementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Of the silicon-bearing polymers tested by Dong et al (1998), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) provided the best match to the field spectrum shown in Figure 3a. Schneider et al (2006) observed the m/z 147, 221, 295 series during aerosol mass spectrometer characterization of soot particles that had passed through a short (unspecified) length of conductive silicone tubing and assigned the spectra features to [(SiOC 2 H 6 ) n (SIOC 2 H 5 )]…”

Section: Report That the [Nr + 73]mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their studies of diesel combustion exhaust from a camp stove burner, Schneider et al (2006) found that particles produced in fuel rich flames (with a modal aerodynamic diameter of 60 nm) picked up the PDMS contaminant from the silicone tubing, while particles produced in oxygen rich flame (with modal aerodynamic diameters ranging from 120-180 nm) did not. Since the fuel rich flames produced soot particles whereas the oxygen rich flames did not, the authors infer that the PDMS contaminant partitions preferentially onto soot.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Siloxane Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Sampling Artifacts from Conductive Silicone Tubing

Timko

Kroll

et al. 2009

Aerosol Science and Technology

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We report evidence that carbon impregnated conductive silicone tubing used in aerosol sampling systems can introduce two types of experimental artifacts: (1) silicon tubing dynamically absorbs carbon dioxide gas, requiring greater than 5 minutes to reach equilibrium and (2) silicone tubing emits organic contaminants containing siloxane that are adsorbed onto particles traveling through it and onto downstream quartz fiber filters. The consequence can be substantial for engine exhaust measurements as both artifacts directly impact calculations of particulate massbased emission indices. The emission of contaminants from the silicone tubing can result in overestimation of organic particle mass concentrations based on real-time aerosol mass spectrometry and the off-line thermal analysis of quartz filters. The adsorption of siloxane contaminants can affect the surface properties of aerosol particles; we observed a marked reduction in the water-affinity • C) or pre-exposure to a solvent (methanol). Further evaluation is warranted to quantify systematically how the contamination responds to variations in system temperature, physicochemical particle properties, exposure to solvent, sample contact time, tubing age, and sample flow rates.

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Section: Sampling Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Mechanisms Of Siloxane Uptakementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Report That the [Nr + 73]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanisms Of Siloxane Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Sampling Artifacts from Conductive Silicone Tubing

Timko

Kroll

et al. 2009

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…Since the first on-line mass spectrometric analysis of single particles in 1973 (Davis, 1973), many researchers have focused on the emission factors of different sources including gasoline and diesel engine (Oudejans et al, 2004;Toner et al, 2006), wood burning (Schneider et al, 2006) and cigarette smoke (Dall'Osto et al, 2007) etc., whereas relatively little has been carried out on the characterization of coal soot with an aerosol mass spectrometer. This paper presents on-line analyses of the coal soot produced at different combustion/pyrolysis times and temperatures with a newly home-built vacuum ultraviolet photoionization aerosol time of flight mass spectrometer (VUV-ATOFMS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time analysis of soot emissions from bituminous coal pyrolysis and combustion with a vacuum ultraviolet photoionization aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer

Gao

Zhang²,

Meng³

et al. 2009

Science of The Total Environment

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New insights into atmospheric sources and sinks of isocyanic acid, HNCO, from recent urban and regional observations

et al. 2014

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Isocyanic acid (HNCO) has only recently been measured in the ambient atmosphere, and many aspects of its atmospheric chemistry are still uncertain. HNCO was measured during three diverse field campaigns: California Nexus-Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change (CalNex 2010) at the Pasadena ground site, Nitrogen, Aerosol Composition, and Halogens on a Tall Tower (NACHTT 2011) at the Boulder Atmospheric Observatory (BAO) in Weld County, CO, and Biofuel Crops emission of Ozone precursors intensive (BioCORN 2011), in a cornfield NW of Fort Collins, CO. Mixing ratios varied from below detection limit (~0.003 ppbv) to over 1.2 ppbv during a period when agricultural burning impacted the BAO Tower site. Urban areas, such as the CalNex 2010 Pasadena site, appear to have both primary (combustion) and secondary (photochemical) sources of HNCO, 50 ± 9%, and 33 ± 12%, respectively, while primary sources were responsible for the large mixing ratios of HNCO observed during the wintertime NACHTT study in suburban Colorado. Isocyanic acid during the BioCORN study in rural NE Colorado was closely correlated to ozone and therefore likely photochemically produced as a secondary product from amines or formamide. The removal of HNCO from the lower atmosphere is thought to be due to deposition, as common gas phase loss processes of photolysis and reactions with hydroxyl radicals, are slow. These ambient measurements are consistent with some HNCO deposition, which was evident at night at these surface sites.

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Mass spectrometric analysis and aerodynamic properties of various types of combustion-related aerosol particles

Cited by 285 publications

References 45 publications

Sampling Artifacts from Conductive Silicone Tubing

Sampling Artifacts from Conductive Silicone Tubing

Real-time analysis of soot emissions from bituminous coal pyrolysis and combustion with a vacuum ultraviolet photoionization aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer

New insights into atmospheric sources and sinks of isocyanic acid, HNCO, from recent urban and regional observations

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