Mass transfer inside a flux hood for the sampling of gaseous emissions from liquid surfaces – Experimental assessment and emission rate rescaling

Prata, Ademir A.; Lucernoni, Federico; Santos, Jane Méri; Capelli, Laura; Sironi, Selena; Le-Minh, Nhat; Stuetz, Richard M.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.02.029

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In non-aerated zones or tanks (Figure 5.6e), a flow of sweep gas can be applied to enhance an effective gas flow through the flux chamber Caniani et al, 2019;, 2015. As sweep flow rate was evidenced to influence the estimated emission rate of several compounds in dynamic flux chambers (Gao and Yates, 1998;Prata et al, 2018), some researchers applied a wind-tunnel-type, namely the Lindvall hood (Lindvall et al, 1974), that allows better control of gas velocities inside the hood. In this hood, the sweep gas (usually ambient air) is introduced in a directional way to simulate the action of the wind on the sampled surface (Capelli et al, 2013).…”

Section: Open Flux Chambersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification and Modelling of Fugitive Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Urban Water Systems

2022

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With increased commitment from the international community to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from all sectors in accordance with the Paris Agreement, the water sector has never felt the pressure it is now under to transition to a low-carbon water management model. This requires reducing GHG emissions from grid-energy consumption (Scope 2 emissions), which is straightforward; however, it also requires reducing Scope 1 emissions, which include nitrous oxide and methane emissions, predominantly from wastewater handling and treatment. The pathways and factors leading to biological nitrous oxide and methane formation and emissions from wastewater are highly complex and site-specific. Good emission factors for estimating the Scope 1 emissions are lacking, water utilities have little experience in directly measuring these emissions, and the mathematical modelling of these emissions is challenging. Therefore, this book aims to help the water sector address the Scope 1 emissions by breaking down their pathways and influencing factors, and providing guidance on both the use of emission factors, and performing direct measurements of nitrous oxide and methane emissions from sewers and wastewater treatment plants. The book also dives into the mathematical modelling for predicting these emissions and provides guidance on the use of different mathematical models based upon your conditions, as well as an introduction to alternative modelling methods, including metabolic, data-driven, and AI methods. Finally, the book includes guidance on using the modelling tools for assessing different operating strategies and identifying promising mitigation actions. A must-have book for anyone needing to understand, account for, and reduce water utility Scope 1 emissions. ISBN: 9781789060454 (Paperback) ISBN: 9781789060461 (eBook) ISBN: 9781789060478 (ePub)

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Section: Open Flux Chambersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification and Modelling of Fugitive Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Urban Water Systems

2022

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“…A introdução do fluxo de ar no interior da câmara é outro fator importante, o qual deve ser dirigido para o centro da câmara, e em paralelo com superfície emissora (Eklund, 1992). Quanto menor for o fluxo, há uma tendência de as emissões obtidas serem minoradas em relação ao valor real (Prata Jr. et al, 2018;Andreão et al, 2019a). As amostras de ar a partir do espaço superior supõem-se estar homogeneamente misturadas, devido aos vórtices produzidos pela introdução de ar na câmara, e, por conseguinte, serem representativas de uma concentração uniformemente distribuída em todo o espaço da câmara (Navaratnasamy et al, 2009;Andreão et al, 2019a).…”

Section: Câmera De Fluxo Dinâmicaunclassified

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2021

Cad. Téc. Eng. Sanit. Ambiente.

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“…Measurements of emission rates from area sources such as landfills and wastewater treatment plants are more complicated due to the large spatial and temporal variability in these emission rates. For solid or liquid areas with substantial spatial emission variation, and without the interference from upwind sources, micrometeorological estimations of emission rates from downwind odour measurements and wind velocity are preferred methods (Gostelow et al, 2003;Prata et al, 2018). Emission rates from area sources can be estimated using different micrometeorological methods such as flux profile, integrated horizontal flux, theoretical profile shape, and Gaussian dispersion (Gostelow et al, 2003).…”

Section: Emission Rate Estimation Mapping and Dispersion Modelling 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and assessment of odorous sulfur compounds

Hayes¹,

Le²,

Fisher³

et al. 2020

Environmental Technologies to Treat Sulphur Pollution: Principles and Engineering

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Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and other volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are found naturally and also as a by-product of many industries, in particular wastewater treatment, waste management and some food production industries (Bentley & Chasteen, 2004; Fisher et al., 2018b; Rochat et al., 2007). VSCs are probably the most impactful odorants due to their foul smell, low odour threshold, and relative abundance in natural and industrial processes. As a result, there are numerous methodologies to appropriately assess VSCs as an odour. VSC monitoring and assessment is accomplished by a number of approaches that are partially determined by the desired outcomes. For instance, constant monitoring of known VSC emissions is possible through online sensors, such as "e-noses", which are useful for gross VSC emissions but are typically unable to provide detailed analysis. Comparatively, detailed results of VSC concentrations and speciation require a series of steps that evaluate the appropriateness of VSC capture options. From here gas chromatography (GC) separation, followed by subsequent analysis using various chemical detectors, is suitable depending on the VSCs under investigation. VSC sampling and monitoring are challenging due to their low odour thresholds and volatility. These qualities render sampling to be assessed for its capacity to appropriately store the VSCs.

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Mass transfer inside a flux hood for the sampling of gaseous emissions from liquid surfaces – Experimental assessment and emission rate rescaling

Cited by 18 publications

References 41 publications

Quantification and Modelling of Fugitive Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Urban Water Systems

Quantification and Modelling of Fugitive Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Urban Water Systems

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Measurement and assessment of odorous sulfur compounds

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