Massive Transfusion

Beer, Kari Santoro; Thomer, Amanda

doi:10.1002/9781119028994.ch177

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Massive transfusion was defined as transfusion of a volume of whole blood or blood components greater than the patient's estimated blood volume within a 24-hour period, or replacement of half of the patient's estimated blood volume within a 3-hour period. 21 Total blood volume for dogs was estimated to be 90 mL/kg. Animals receiving blood prod-ucts as part of therapeutic plasma exchange were not included in this category.…”

Section: Disease Mechanisms Resulting In Platelet Transfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective evaluation of fresh platelet concentrate administration in dogs: Patient characteristics, outcomes, and transfusion practices in 189 transfusion episodes (2008–2019)

Saint-Pierre

Farrell

Hopper

et al. 2023

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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Objective To describe patient characteristics, underlying disease processes, clinical outcomes, transfusion dose and type (therapeutic or prophylactic), platelet count changes, and adverse events associated with platelet concentrate (PC) administration in dogs. Design Retrospective study. Setting University teaching hospital. Animals A total of 149 dogs, representing 189 PC transfusion episodes. Interventions None. Measurements and Main Results In this population, 39 of 149 dogs (26.2%) were diagnosed with primary immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia, 22 of 149 (14.8%) had decreased bone marrow production, 12 of 149 (8.0%) received PC during a massive transfusion, 3 of 149 (2.0%) had congenital thrombocytopathia, 59 of 149 (39.6%) had severe thrombocytopenia of other causes, and 14 of 149 (9.4%) underwent transfusion for miscellaneous causes without a documented severe thrombocytopenia. In 117 of 149 dogs (78.5%), >1 site of hemorrhage was noted. The most common sites of hemorrhage were the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in 89 of 149 (59.7%) and the skin in 78 of 149 (52.3%). Overall survival to discharge was 59.1% (88/149). The median PC dose was 0.8 units per 10 kg of body weight per transfusion episode (range: 0.2–6.7). Of 189 episodes, 29 of 189 (15.7%) were prophylactic, and 158 of 189 (83.6%) were therapeutic. For 99 of 189 transfusion episodes, paired pre‐ and postplatelet counts were available within 24 hours. The median platelet count change was 5.0 × 109/L (5000/μL; range: –115 × 109/L to 158 × 109/L [–115,000 to 158,000/μL]); the posttransfusion platelet count was significantly higher than pretransfusion (P < 0.0001). The increase in platelet count after transfusion was greater in the prophylactic group than the therapeutic group (P = 0.0167). Transfusion reactions were suspected during 2 of 168 episodes (1.2%). Conclusions Immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia was the most common disease process that resulted in PC transfusion. PC was more frequently administered to animals with active hemorrhage rather than prophylactically, and most dogs had evidence of hemorrhage in multiple organ systems, particularly the GI tract and skin. PC transfusions typically appeared safe, and the median platelet count increased after transfusion.

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Section: Disease Mechanisms Resulting In Platelet Transfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%