Mastering the surface strain of platinum catalysts for efficient electrocatalysis

Nitrogen-inserted nickel nanosheets with controlled orbital hybridization and strain fields for boosted hydrogen oxidation in alkaline electrolytes

“…Meanwhile, for metal-based catalysts, the strain fields could also lead to varied binding strengths of reactive intermediates and thus modulated catalytic activity and selectivity. 20–22 For instance, the tensile strain in Pd icosahedra was revealed to strengthen the adsorption of the COOH intermediate during electrochemical CO 2 reduction, resulting in a higher faradaic efficiency for CO production than that of Pd octahedra. 23 For the HOR, although a compressive strain in pure Ni metal was roughly reported to induce a modest activity, 24 the strain effects of well-confined Ni-based nanostructures with varied strain fields on catalyzing the HOR process still remain ambiguous.…”

A Comparison of Uric Acid Optical Detection Using as Sensitive Materials an Amino-Substituted Porphyrin and Its Nanomaterials with CuNPs, PtNPs and Pt@CuNPs

“…The recent literature is dedicated to the subject of the volume shrinkage of the inner cores, after covered with Pt shells. The impact of the lattice strainson the surface electronic structure of Pt was investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and high-resolution valence band (XPS), showing lattice compression [31]. On the other hand, density functional theory calculations revealed that Pt shell undergo large tensile strains [32].…”

Predicting Surface Strain Effects on Adsorption Energy with Graph Neural Networks

“…Analysis of this continuous 3D surface strain space is typically limited to single-element structures with low-index surfaces in highsymmetry deformation directions (uniaxial or biaxial) because the search space is vast and lowindex surfaces typically form spontaneously under bulk cleavage or epitaxial growth. [8][9][10][11][12] In small molecule reactions such as ammonia synthesis, carbon dioxide reduction, or nitrogen dioxide reduction, an effective heterogeneous catalyst reduces the energy of transition states in bond-breaking or bond-building reactions, lowering the activation energy barrier and increasing the likelihood that the reaction proceeds in the desired direction. 13 While these energy barriers are often difficult to characterize or predict, the adsorption energy of a molecular structure on a surface describes the interaction strength and has been successfully used as a proxy to describe catalyst activity and assist in catalyst design.…”

“…17,18 Strain has been suggested as a promising strategy to break these scaling relationships by changing the surface bonding environment, 19,20 and there have been multiple experimental observations indicating that strain can effectively manipulate catalyst-adsorbate interactions and modify catalyst activity across different reactions. 9,11,[21][22][23][24][25][26] This is especially promising given recent advances in core-shell nanoparticle synthesis and nano-heterostructure synthesis through deposition, allowing for strain control to be achieved in high surface area materials systems which are ideal for catalytic applications. [27][28][29][30] By breaking these scaling relations, including strain as a degree of freedom in catalyst design significantly increases the complexity of an already high dimensional space that intrinsically already covers the catalyst structure and composition, the surface facet, the adsorption site, and the adsorbate composition.…”