“…Its course reflects the variation that exists among the criminal population in terms of offending rate or frequency-oftentimes denoted by the Greek lambda (λ) (Blumstein, Cohen, Piquero, & Visher, 2010;Brame, Paternoster, & Bushway, 2004;Francis et al, 2004;Hochstetler, DeLisi, & Puhrmann, 2007;Lattimore et al, 2004;Miles & Ludwig, 2007;Monahan & Piquero, 2009;Odgers et al, 2008;Paternoster, Brame, & Farrington, 2001;Piquero, 2000a;Pollock, Joo, & Lawton, 2010;Ramoutar & Farrington, 2006), persistence/continuity (Blokland, Nagin, & Nieuwbeerta, 2005;Brame, Bushway, Paternoster, & Thornberry, 2005;Ewart, Oatley, & Burn, 2005;Ge, Donnellan, & Wenk, 2001;Mazerolle et al, 2000;Zimring, Jennings, Piquero, & Hays, 2009), and career length or span (Francis, Soothill, & Piquero, 2007;Haapanen, Britton, & Croisdale, 2007;Kazemian & Farrington, 2006;Kazemian, Le Blanc, Farrington, & Pease, 2007;Piquero, Brame, & Lynam, 2004;Piquero & Buka, 2002). Whereas most offending careers are brief, truncated, and intermittent (Piquero, 2004), some are prolonged and essentially life-long.…”