Material stock's overburden: Automatic spatial detection and estimation of domestic extraction and hidden material flows

Yoshida, Keisuke; Fishman, Tomer; Okuoka, Keijiro; Tanikawa, Hiroki

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.09.010

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…We investigated the dynamics of anthropogenic activities by measuring the area, depth, and volume of mining sites and landfills through the comparison of DEMs for different time frames. DEMs also enabled the distribution of mining activities in space, thereby allowing the observation of the environmental pressure and its evolution over time [27,30]. DEMs for the entire world are now available online, created from stereo pairs or triplets of optical images or data from synthetic aperture radar.…”

Section: Bottom-up Method: Digital Elevation Model and Land Covermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The volume per area (m 3 /m 2 ) of Japanese and German mining is thus 34 m 3 /m 2 and 8.5 m 3 /m 2 , respectively. More than 70% of the Japanese land is covered by mountain and hillocks, and 60% of all mining sites are located in mountainous areas [30]. If Japan were to rely on large open pit mines, it would be necessary to fell forests and move large amount of overburden in steep areas.…”

Section: Geographical Changes Of the German Landscapementioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Mining and Landfilling Activities with Associated Overburden through Satellite Data: Germany 2000–2010

et al. 2019

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Despite ever-increasing material extraction on the global scale, very few studies have focused on the relationship between mining activities, overburden, and landfilling. This is mainly due to the lack of statistical data. Yet, large mining activities cause environmental strain to the natural environment, and are often cause of irreversible alterations to the natural landscape. To circumvent this problem, we develop a methodology that employs the digital elevation model and land cover to detect and analyze mining and landfilling site over time. We test our methodology with the case of Germany for the years 2000-2010. We then confront our results with statistically available data, to verify whether this methodology can be applied to other countries. Results from the analysis of satellite data give 15.3 Pg of extracted materials and 7.8 Pg of landfilled materials, while statistics report 29.4 Pg and 1.8 Pg, respectively. This large difference was likely due to the different frequency of recording, where satellite data was updated after 10 years, while statistics were reported yearly. The analysis of the anthropogenic disturbance with spatial information can effectively contribute to observe, analyze, and quantify mining activities, overburden, and landfills, and can thus provide policy makers with useful and practical information regarding resource usage and waste management.

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Section: Bottom-up Method: Digital Elevation Model and Land Covermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geographical Changes Of the German Landscapementioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Mining and Landfilling Activities with Associated Overburden through Satellite Data: Germany 2000–2010

et al. 2019

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“…These processes are energy and resource intensive with wide effects on the environment (Ekmekci ; Chang and Theo ; Yoshida et al. ) and also affect land use (Switalski et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects products whose production and maintenance require massive extraction of materials (Miatto et al 2017b), primarily bulk nonmetallic minerals, a natural resource that is locally sourced in almost every country in the world ). These processes are energy and resource intensive with wide effects on the environment (Ekmekci 1990;Chang and Theo 2004;Yoshida et al 2017) and also affect land use (Switalski et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Material Stock of Roads: The Vietnamese Case Study

Nguyen

Fishman

Miatto

et al. 2018

J of Industrial Ecology

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Summary This study is a pioneering effort to quantify the materials stocked in the road network of a developing country, Vietnam, and analyze its relationships to the country's recent economic development. National road networks function as capital and infrastructure investments that are necessary catalysts for countries’ development, while requiring the extraction of vast amounts of construction materials for expansion and maintenance causing environmental impacts. However, there has so far been little research on the subject, especially in developing countries. We compile material stock and flow accounts for Vietnam's roads from 2003 to 2013 on the national and provincial levels, finding that approximately 40% of the domestic consumption of construction materials is for expanding and maintaining the road network, and the materials stocked in the road network doubled from 1,321 million metric tons in 2003 to 2,660 million metric tons in 2012. Material stock growth rates closely resembled those of gross domestic product (GDP) in this period, suggesting a codependency of physical infrastructure development and economic development. On the provincial level, our results show local disparities in the stock and its capacity to support the transportation of passengers and freight, especially considering the surging growth of vehicles in urban centers. By showcasing the challenges of conducting a material flow and stock analysis in a developing country, this study not only sheds light on Vietnam's transportation material stock and its policy implications, but also serves as a case study for further work in similar countries.

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“…Unused extraction and quarry waste due to mining and quarrying activities are considered to have potential environmental impacts (Krausmann, Schandl, Eisenmenger, Giljum, & Jackson, 2017;Torres, Brandt, Lear, & Liu, 2017) and generate local anthropogenic disturbance, especial for construction minerals (Yoshida, Fishman, Okuoka, & Tanikawa, 2017). Nevertheless, data are fairly limited (Eurostat, 2018;Fisher-Kowalski, Krausmann, Giljum, & Lutter, 2011), with only a few MFA inventories even partially considering these type of flows (Kapur et al, 2009;Low, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Material flow analysis and material use efficiency of Brazil's mortar and concrete supply chain

Reis

Mack-Vergara

John

2019

J of Industrial Ecology

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Cementitious materials, mostly concrete and mortar, account for about one‐third of all materials extraction worldwide. Material flow data in this industry are still unsatisfactory, especially related to unused extraction materials, quarry wastes, and water consumption, aspects which usually are not included in environmental analysis studies. The aim of this study is to conduct a material flow analysis (MFA) of the Brazilian concrete and mortar supply chain to quantify material use efficiency (ME) and dematerialization potential. The MFA includes extraction, production, and construction stages for the following indicators: i) unused extraction; ii) quarry waste; iii) water consumption; iv) material wastage; v) raw material consumption; vi) energy carriers; and vii) atmospheric emissions. The results demonstrated that the primary raw material footprint is about 456 million metric tons (Mt) corresponding to a metabolic rate of 2.2 metric tons/capita (t/capita). After including unused extraction, quarry wastes, water consumption, and secondary materials this value increases to 4.1 t/capita corresponding to a total material consumption of 840 Mt. Concrete and mortar can be produced using two routes—mixing on site or industrial mixing. We conclude that the industrial scenario allows for dematerialization by about 8% for concrete and 24% for mortar, by mass; and the average material use efficiency is low, at about 53% for concrete and 34% for mortar.

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Material stock's overburden: Automatic spatial detection and estimation of domestic extraction and hidden material flows

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

Estimation of Mining and Landfilling Activities with Associated Overburden through Satellite Data: Germany 2000–2010

Estimation of Mining and Landfilling Activities with Associated Overburden through Satellite Data: Germany 2000–2010

Estimating the Material Stock of Roads: The Vietnamese Case Study

Material flow analysis and material use efficiency of Brazil's mortar and concrete supply chain

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