Maternal cholesterol levels during gestation: boon or bane for the offspring?

Jayalekshmi, V S; Ramachandran, Surya

doi:10.1007/s11010-020-03916-2

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Any constraints during the critical period of fetal development may permanently alter the structure and function of the growing fetus (26). Cholesterol is a major nutritional factor that actively participates in fetal development through indigenous synthesis and maternal transfer (27,28). It has been suggested that almost 20% of fetal cholesterol in the embryo is derived from maternal placental cholesterol pools, and this percentage is further higher in hypercholesterolemic mothers (29).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal high-cholesterol diet negatively programs offspring bone development and downregulates hedgehog signaling in osteoblasts

Mangu¹,

Patel²,

Sukhdeo³

et al. 2022

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal high-cholesterol diet negatively programs offspring bone development and downregulates hedgehog signaling in osteoblasts

Mangu¹,

Patel²,

Sukhdeo³

et al. 2022

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…The mean values for T-Cho, F-Cho, and TG increased between the first trimester and second trimester in this study. A recent study reported that an increase in cholesterol levels is observed during pregnancy and that it is considered a normal adaptive response to the development of the fetus [ 21 ]. Maternal cholesterol increases throughout gestation by 50–70% [ 22 ], particularly in the second and third trimesters [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baseline Complete Blood Count and Chemistry Panel Profile from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)

Taniguchi

Yamazaki

Nakayama

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) is a nationwide birth cohort study of environmental factors affecting children’s health and development. We summarize the complete blood count and chemistry panel statistical data from pregnant women enrolled in JECS. Methods: Statistical data of up to 58,056 mother’s sample in their first (gestational age ≤ 13 weeks) and second trimester (22–27 weeks) were calculated. Results: Mean (SD) values in the first trimester were: white blood cell count, 7866 (1906)/μL; red blood cell count, 417 (33) 104/μL; hemoglobin, 12.4 (1.0) g/dL; hematocrit, 37.1 (2.6)%; mean corpuscular volume, 89.2 (4.7) fL; mean corpuscular hemoglobin, 29.8 (1.9) pg; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, 33.3 (0.9)%; platelet count, 24.8 (5.2) 104/μL; HbA1c, 5.26 (0.26)%; total cholesterol, 181 (28) mg/dL; low density lipoprotein cholesterol, 95 (23) mg/dL; high density lipoprotein cholesterol, 73 (13) mg/dL; free cholesterol, 41 (7) mg/dL; triglycerides, 109 (47) mg/dL; total protein, 6.9 (0.4) g/dL; and albumin, 4.1 (0.2) g/dL. Mean values (SD) in the second trimester were: total cholesterol, 246 (38) mg/dL; free cholesterol, 61 (9) mg/dL; triglycerides, 183 (70) mg/dL; total protein, 6.5 (0.4) g/dL; and albumin, 3.6 (0.2) g/dL. Conclusions: These data will be useful for future JECS studies.

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“…The results of our study have shown that pregnancies with and without GDM are both characterized by a gradual increase in cholesterol synthesis across trimesters ( Table 4 ). A rise in maternal cholesterol is typically seen in pregnancy and is aimed at fulfilling the requirements of the fetus [ 32 ]. Previously, Miettinen et al [ 17 ] demonstrated elevated cholesterol synthesis in obese pregnant women with GDM, when compared with their non-GDM counterparts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Cholesterol Metabolism in Women with High-Risk Pregnancies: Possible Implications for Neonatal Outcome

Zeljković

Ardalić²,

Vekić³

et al. 2022

Metabolites

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Metabolic disorders in pregnancy, particularly gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), are associated with an increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcome and long-term cardiometabolic health of mother and child. This study analyzed changes of serum cholesterol synthesis and absorption markers during the course of high-risk pregnancies, with respect to the development of GDM. Possible associations of maternal lipid biomarkers with neonatal characteristics were also investigated. The study included 63 women with high risk for development of pregnancy complications. Size and proportions of small low-density (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles were assessed across trimesters (T1–T3), as well as concentrations of cholesterol synthesis (lathosterol, desmosterol) and absorption markers (campesterol, β-sitosterol). During the study, 15 women developed GDM, while 48 had no complications (non-GDM). As compared to the non-GDM group, women with GDM had significantly higher triglycerides in each trimester, while having a lower HDL-C level in T3. In addition, they had significantly lower levels of β-sitosterol in T3 (p < 0.05). Cholesterol synthesis markers increased across trimesters in both groups. A decrease in serum β-sitosterol levels during the course of pregnancies affected by GDM was observed. The prevalence of small-sized HDL decreased in non-GDM, while in the GDM group remained unchanged across trimesters. Newborn’s size in the non-GDM group was significantly higher (p < 0.01) and inversely associated with proportions of both small, dense LDL and HDL particles (p < 0.05) in maternal plasma in T1. In conclusion, high-risk pregnancies affected by GDM are characterized by altered cholesterol absorption and HDL maturation. Advanced lipid testing may indicate disturbed lipid homeostasis in GDM.

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Maternal cholesterol levels during gestation: boon or bane for the offspring?

Cited by 14 publications

References 148 publications

Maternal high-cholesterol diet negatively programs offspring bone development and downregulates hedgehog signaling in osteoblasts

Maternal high-cholesterol diet negatively programs offspring bone development and downregulates hedgehog signaling in osteoblasts

Baseline Complete Blood Count and Chemistry Panel Profile from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)

Effects of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Cholesterol Metabolism in Women with High-Risk Pregnancies: Possible Implications for Neonatal Outcome

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