Maternal Effects at Four Levels in Senecio vulgaris (Asteraceae) Grown on a Soil Nutrient Gradient

Aarssen, Lonnie W.; Burton, Sarah

doi:10.2307/2444634

Cited by 50 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…Maternal effects on offspring performance have been documented in several studies (Austin, \9bba,b;Parrish & Bazzaz, 1985;Roach & Wulff, 1987;Aarssen & Burton, 1990;Lew^is & Koide, 1990;Miao, Bazzaz & Primack, 1991 ;Koide & Lu. 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Reproductive responses to mycorrhizal colonization of Abutilon theophrasti Medic, plants grown for two generations in the field

Shumway

1994

New Phytologist

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Plants of Abutilon theophrasti Medic, were grown for two consecutive years in the field. First generation (maternal) plants were grown either with or without mycorrhizal inoculation with Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith. We collected early and late cohorts of seeds which were used to produce second generation (oft'spring) plants. Offspring plants were grown either with or without mycorrhizal inoculation with G. intraradices. Irrespective of maternal mycorrhizal status, we found that offspring of early cohort seeds had greater percent mycorrhizal colonization early in the growing season, a greater proportion of plants flowering early in the season, and a greater number of capsules per plant at the end of the season compared with offspring of late cohort seeds. These differences were observed despite the fact that shoot X and P concentrations were greater in offspring of late cohort seeds. We found that mycorrhizai colonization of maternal plants decreased the average time to reproductive maturity in offspring plants, but did not significantly influence any other vegetative or reproductive trait in the offspring plants, Mycorrhizal colonization of offspring plants resulted in a greater number of branches per plant and a greater number of mature capsules per branch. Mycorrhizal colonization of offspring plants also resulted in a significant increase in seed P content, but only for seeds that were produced late in the growing season. We conclude that mycorrhizal colonization of the offspring generation was more important than mycorrhizal colonization of the maternal generation in determining offspring reproductive output, but maternal seed cohort is an important interacting factor that mfluences offspring fecundity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Reproductive responses to mycorrhizal colonization of Abutilon theophrasti Medic, plants grown for two generations in the field

Shumway

1994

New Phytologist

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“…1). This increase coincided with a period of higher rainfall and is a common phenotypic effect under circumstances of higher nutrient levels or water availability Roach & Wulff, 1987 ;Aarsen & Burton, 1990 ;Wulff & Bazzaz, 1992). In fact, experiments have generally failed to detect consistent effects of embryo genotype on seed size, suggesting that the embryo genotype is relatively unimportant in comparison with the genotype of the maternal parent in determining the seed size (Antonovics & Schmitt, 1986 ;Mazer, 1987 ;Nakamura & Stanton, 1989 ;Mojonnier, 1998).…”

Section: Seedling Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed mass versus seedling performance in Scots pine: a maternally dependent trait

Castro

1999

New Phytologist

107

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It is generally accepted that larger seeds give rise to seedlings with better performance. On the other hand, the size that a seed reaches is genetically determined by at least two different traits ; the genetic variability of the developing embryo and the genetic variability of the maternal plant. Thus, the relative contributions of these two traits affect seedling performance by influencing seed size. In this paper, I investigate the effect of seed size on seedling performance in the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). From eight maternal plants, 50 seeds were planted in each of two soil types (800 seeds in total), and seedling performance was monitored for 1 yr. Seed mass proved to be highly constant within maternal plants. Soil type influenced emergence and survival ; however, the effect of soil type differed depending on maternal origin. Seed mass was positively correlated with seedling emergence, although this relationship was not found for seedling survival or date of emergence. The initial growth of the shoot was also positively correlated with seed mass. However, after one growing season, seed mass had no effect on seedling performace, which depended exclusively on maternal origin. Nevertheless, the mean mass of seeds produced by plants was positively correlated with mean values of growth parameters. Thus, first-year seedling performance seems to be a maternal trait indirectly associated with seed size.

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“…Several studies have reported that an increase in the nutrient concentration of the growing environment often leads to the production of heavier seeds (e.g., Aarssen and Burton, 1990) and greater quantities and concentrations of nutrients (e.g., Austin, 1966). Studies of closely related species also have found that species from fertile soil had larger seeds with more seed nutrients than species from infertile sites (e.g., Vaughton and Ramsey, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of anthropogenic habitats as substitutes for natural habitats:a case study on Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz (Orchidaceae, Neottieae).Variations in size and nutrient composition of seeds

Rewicz¹,

Kołodziejek²,

Jakubska-Busse³

2016

Turk J Bot

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IntroductionEcological comparisons between urban or industrial environments and natural areas emphasize their differences (Lundholm and Richardson, 2010). Humanmodified ecosystems are considered to be ecologically novel in that climatic conditions, soils, toxins, hydrology, productivity, species composition, and interactions (Pickett et al., 2001) differ from conditions prevailing prior to human alterations (Lundholm and Richardson, 2010). The physical, chemical, and biological properties are generally less favorable than those in soil found on natural landscapes. For instance, urban soils are characterized by modified soil organism activity and modified soil temperature regimes, elevated soil reaction (pH), greater nutrient amounts and availability to plants, higher calcium levels, more rocks, greater decomposition rates, less accumulated organic matter, and compacted mixtures of anthropogenic materials compared with local remnants of the natural ecosystems (McDonnell et al., 1997).Many orchid habitats are liable to be lost to development, since they are often postindustrial, and may even be contaminated. In contrast, anthropogenic analogues of natural habitats provide refuge for many rare or threatened and endangered species such as Orchidaceae (Pedersen et al., 2013). The most common colonizers of secondary habitats in temperate Europe are Epipactis and Dactylorhiza, species with short life cycles and broad ecological amplitudes. Substrates rich in CaCO 3 , high light availability, and diminished competition resulting from disturbance of the upper soil level are common in habitats colonized by orchids (

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Maternal Effects at Four Levels in Senecio vulgaris (Asteraceae) Grown on a Soil Nutrient Gradient

Cited by 50 publications

References 0 publications

Reproductive responses to mycorrhizal colonization of Abutilon theophrasti Medic, plants grown for two generations in the field

Reproductive responses to mycorrhizal colonization of Abutilon theophrasti Medic, plants grown for two generations in the field

Seed mass versus seedling performance in Scots pine: a maternally dependent trait

The role of anthropogenic habitats as substitutes for natural habitats:a case study on Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz (Orchidaceae, Neottieae).Variations in size and nutrient composition of seeds

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