Maternal glucose levels influence birthweight and ‘catch‐up’ and ‘catch‐down’ growth in a large contemporary cohort

Stenhouse, Elizabeth; Wright, David; Hattersley, Andrew T.; Millward, B. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01964.x

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Regarding growth trajectories in early childhood, earlier studies demonstrates a catch-down growth from birth to a few months of age in children to diabetic mothers 24 , 25 . Even in children to non-diabetic mothers the growth pattern of catch-down growth in children to mothers with the highest glucose levels, within normal range, has been observed 17 . As in our study, Stenhouse et al showed a catch-down growth in children to non-diabetic mothers from birth to 6–9 months of age that correlated with the highest thirtile, within normal range, of randomly collected venous glucose levels in pregnancy week 28.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, they examined the relationship between the level of randomly collected venous glucose, within normal range, in gestational week 28 and childhood growth. They observed a catch-down growth in children from birth to 24–36 weeks of post-natal age in children with mothers having a glucose level within the highest third of normal range 17 . Another study provided some evidence that maternal glucose levels within normal ranges during pregnancy correlate positively to adiposity in 10–14 year old children 18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between capillary glucose during pregnancy and childhood growth to the age of five: a cohort study

Österroos

Lindström

Wikman

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between random capillary glucose levels in healthy pregnant women and infant size at birth and childhood growth to the age of five years. This population-based cohort study comprised 10,937 healthy mother–child dyads. Data on highest maternal random capillary glucose level during pregnancy and sequential anthropometric data on their children during the first five years of life were gathered from the Uppsala County Mother and Child Cohort. Statistical analyses were performed with linear regression and linear mixed effect regression models. We found that higher glucose level during pregnancy was associated with higher weight z-score (β 0.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08–0.11), length z-score (β 0.05, 95% CI 0.03–0.07) and BMI z-score (β 0.09, 95% CI 0.07–0.12) at birth, adjusted for maternal BMI and country of birth, smoking during pregnancy and parity. The association did not remain at 1½, 3, 4 and 5 years of age. There was a positive relationship between higher glucose level during pregnancy and a decrease in weight z-score, height z-score and BMI z-score from birth to 5 years of age. In conclusion, higher random capillary glucose levels in pregnant healthy women were associated with greater infant size at birth, as well as decreased growth velocity in early childhood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between capillary glucose during pregnancy and childhood growth to the age of five: a cohort study

Österroos

Lindström

Wikman

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In the child, GDM has been found to increase the risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia, hyperbilirubinaemia and a birthweight above the 90th percentile . Also, infants born to mothers with higher glucose concentrations have been shown to have a significant catch‐down weight in infancy . Some of these infants, but not all, may need to be supplemented with infant formula and hospital procedures on the management of these conditions may affect breastfeeding .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent gestational diabetes was associated with mothers stopping predominant breastfeeding earlier in a multi‐ethnic population

et al. 2018

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“…[ 4 , 5 , 53 ] This slowed postnatal growth pattern is called “catch-down” growth, and refers to a growth pattern during infancy subsequent to exposure of the fetus to excess nutritional or metabolic substrates in utero [ 54 ]. This early growth pattern is strongly influenced by a drive to compensate for the intrauterine effects on the fetus of the maternal metabolism associated with obesity and glucose intolerance [ 55 ]. It is not known whether postnatal feeding method, (i.e., breastfeeding compared with formula feeding) further slows postnatal growth among GDM offspring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of women, infant feeding and type 2 diabetes after GDM pregnancy and growth of their offspring (SWIFT Offspring study): prospective design, methodology and baseline characteristics

Gunderson

Hurston

Dewey

et al. 2015

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundBreastfeeding is associated with reduced risk of becoming overweight or obese later in life. Breastfed babies grow more slowly during infancy than formula-fed babies. Among offspring exposed in utero to maternal glucose intolerance, prospective data on growth during infancy have been unavailable. Thus, scientific evidence is insufficient to conclude that breastfeeding reduces the risk of obesity among the offspring of diabetic mothers (ODM).To address this gap, we devised the Study of Women, Infant Feeding and Type 2 Diabetes after GDM Pregnancy and Growth of their Offspring, also known as the SWIFT Offspring Study. This prospective, longitudinal study recruited mother-infant pairs from the SWIFT Study, a prospective study of women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The goal of the SWIFT Offspring Study is to determine whether breastfeeding intensity and duration, compared with formula feeding, are related to slower growth of GDM offspring during the first year life. This article details the study design, participant eligibility, data collection, and methodologies. We also describe the baseline characteristics of the GDM mother-infant pairs.MethodsThe study enrolled 466 mother-infant pairs among GDM deliveries in northern California from 2009–2011. Participants attended three in-person study exams at 6–9 weeks, 6 months and 12 months after delivery for infant anthropometry (head circumference, body weight, length, abdominal circumference and skinfold thicknesses), as well as maternal anthropometry (body weight, waist circumference and percent body fat). Mothers also completed questionnaires on health and lifestyle behaviors, including infant diet, sleep and temperament. Breastfeeding intensity and duration were assessed via several sources (diaries, telephone interviews, monthly mailings and in-person exams) from birth through the first year of life. Pregnancy course, clinical perinatal and newborn outcomes were obtained from health plan electronic medical records. Infant saliva samples were collected and stored for genetics studies.DiscussionThis large, racially and ethnically diverse cohort of GDM offspring will enable evaluation of the relationship of infant feeding to growth during infancy independent of perinatal characteristics, sociodemographics and other risk factors. The longitudinal design provides the first quantitative measures of breastfeeding intensity and duration among GDM offspring during early life.

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Maternal glucose levels influence birthweight and ‘catch‐up’ and ‘catch‐down’ growth in a large contemporary cohort

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Associations between capillary glucose during pregnancy and childhood growth to the age of five: a cohort study

Associations between capillary glucose during pregnancy and childhood growth to the age of five: a cohort study

Recent gestational diabetes was associated with mothers stopping predominant breastfeeding earlier in a multi‐ethnic population

The study of women, infant feeding and type 2 diabetes after GDM pregnancy and growth of their offspring (SWIFT Offspring study): prospective design, methodology and baseline characteristics

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