Maternal microchimerism in health and disease

Stevens, Anne M.

doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2015.08.005

Cited by 27 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The microchimerism hypothesis relates to maternal and/or sibling origin microchimerism (harboring of cells or DNA from another genetically distinct individual) from exchange of cells/DNA in utero from the mother or older siblings during gestation [10]. Microchimerism may potentially increase or decrease disease risk based on the specificity of the acquired genetic material from another individual [11], and some studies suggest that its presence may alter rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk in women [12–17] although we could locate no studies of this in JIA. It has been suggested that the decreased RA risk in parous women may be due to microchimerism among women with prior births [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis in relation to perinatal and maternal characteristics: a case control study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundExisting data on associations between maternal and early childhood exposures and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) risk is scant and inconsistent with previous studies showing potential role for prematurity, number of siblings and infections. We explored JIA and International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) JIA categories in relation to selected infant (birthweight, size-for-gestational-age, gestational age), and maternal (parity, delivery type, prior fetal loss) characteristics that may be markers for exposures related to two pathways (hygiene hypothesis, microchimerism) potentially associated with autoimmune disorder occurrence.MethodsA case–control analysis with 1,234 JIA cases and 5,993 birth year-matched controls was conducted. Exposure information was obtained from WA state birth certificates. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations with maternal and early life exposures for JIA and JIA categories.ResultsGreater maternal parity was associated with a decreased OR for JIA (most marked for persistent oligoarticular JIA, OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.15; 0.71, p for trend = 0.0001). Prior fetal loss (except for oligoarticular JIA) was associated with an increased OR for JIA. Prematurity was associated with increased risk of enthesitis related arthritis (OR 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3–2.9) and rheumatoid factor positive polyarticular JIA (OR 2.2, 95% CI: 1.0–4.8).ConclusionsWe observed associations of selected maternal factors with JIA, some of which varied across JIA categories. The findings of decreased ORs for JIA in relation to greater maternal parity may be consistent with the hygiene and microchimerism hypotheses. Future studies with biomarkers relevant to these hypotheses will help elucidate any associations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis in relation to perinatal and maternal characteristics: a case control study

et al. 2017

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“…What we report in this study can be defined as breastfeeding-induced maternal microchimerism and probably has commonality with trans-placental version. The latter has been known for long and shown to involve many organ and tissues from the bone marrow to the heart 28 , 29 , 41 though no report on the brain involvement has been published so far, which adds to the novelty of our findings. Fetal cells can also pass through the placenta and lead to fetal microchimerism 42 , which is out of scope of this paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Indeed, maternal T lymphocytes from the breast milk were detected in this tissue 9 . Once they pass to portal circulation, the first destination of BMCs would be the liver 10 , 28 , 29 . Consistent with other reports 13 , we found quite a large number of maternal cells in the suckling’s blood even after two months, a finding emphasizing the significance of the phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the experimental data and theoretical calculations, daily viable BMCs transfer to a breastfed human baby was estimated to be 4 × 10 6 to 17 × 10 9 , among which there are substantial number of stem cells 3 . Biological significance of maternal microchimerism is rather complicated 29 . Breastfeeding-induced maternal microchimerism is thought to induce immune system maturation and tolerance to non-inherited maternal antigens, which may also explain how these foreign cells persist in the pup tissues without inducing immune response 28 , 45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transfer and Integration of Breast Milk Stem Cells to the Brain of Suckling Pups

Aydın

Yiğit

Vatandaşlar

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Beside its unique nutritional content breast milk also contains live cells from the mother. Fate of these cells in the offspring has not been adequately described. In this study, we aimed to detect and identify maternal cells in the suckling’s blood and the brain. Green fluorescent protein expressing transgenic female mice (GFP+) were used as foster mothers to breastfeed wildtype newborn pups. One week and two months after the birth, blood samples and brains of the sucklings were analyzed to detect presence of GFP+ cells by fluorescence activated cell sorting, polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry on the brain sections and optically cleared brains. The tests confirmed that maternal cells were detectable in the blood and the brain of the pups and that they differentiated into both neuronal and glial cell types in the brain. This phenomenon represents breastfeeding – induced microchimerism in the brain with functional implications remain to be understood.

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“…According to the above, the tolerance to maternal antigens can be maintained throughout the life of individuals, and the breakdown of this protective mechanism can drive pathological conditions, such as autoimmune diseases. Pathologies, such as diabetes type 1, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematous, have been considered to spontaneously occur due, in part, to maternal microchimerism, and breastfed individuals have a lower risk of these diseases …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of CD127⁻ CD25⁺⁺ Treg from human colostrum

Cérbulo-Vázquez

Hernández-Peláez

Arriaga-Pizano

et al. 2017

American J Rep Immunol

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Maternal microchimerism in health and disease

Cited by 27 publications

References 83 publications

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis in relation to perinatal and maternal characteristics: a case control study

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis in relation to perinatal and maternal characteristics: a case control study

Transfer and Integration of Breast Milk Stem Cells to the Brain of Suckling Pups

Characterization of CD127⁻ CD25⁺⁺ Treg from human colostrum

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Maternal microchimerism in health and disease

Cited by 27 publications

References 83 publications

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis in relation to perinatal and maternal characteristics: a case control study

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis in relation to perinatal and maternal characteristics: a case control study

Transfer and Integration of Breast Milk Stem Cells to the Brain of Suckling Pups

Characterization of CD127− CD25++ Treg from human colostrum

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Characterization of CD127⁻ CD25⁺⁺ Treg from human colostrum