Mathematical expression of membrane potential based on Ling’s adsorption theory is approximately the same as the Goldman–Hodgkin–Katz equation

Tamagawa, Hirohisa

doi:10.1007/s10867-018-9512-9

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Therefore, this effect signifies that the ions are not mere “mass points” but they have different hydration characteristics and preferential interactions with proteins. The differential adsorption affinities of various ions (to proteins) and the hydration‐shell characteristics of the nano‐pools of water (Edelmann, 2005; Ling, 1962, 1992, 1997; Matveev, 2017; Mentré 1995, Pollack, 2001, Tamagawa & Ikeda, 2018; Tamagawa et al, 2019; Tamagawa, 2018) are not considered in the acclaimed explanations. Consequentially, the “activity” (or functional concentration) of ions, a feature that physical chemists have used for long, is altogether missing in theoretical treatments of “electrolytic biological solutions” or homeostasis. While electrogenic pumps are believed to be the source of TMP in certain organelles and plant/fungal cells, passive ion movements (particularly, of K + ions) are supposed to make more significant contributions in the animal cells (Alberts et al, 2002).…”

Section: Analyzing the Well‐known Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical analysis of explanations for cellular homeostasis and electrophysiology from murburn perspective

Manoj¹,

Tamagawa

2021

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Pursuits in modern cellular electrophysiology are fraught with disagreements at a fundamental level. While the membrane theory of homeostasis deems the cell membrane and proteins embedded therein as the chief players, the associationinduction (or sorption/bulk-phase) hypothesis considers the aqueous phase of dissolved proteins (cytoplasm/protoplasm) as the key determinant of cellular composition and ionic fluxes. In the first school of thought, trans-membrane potential (TMP) and selective ion pumps/channels are deemed as key operative principles. In the latter theory, sorption-desorption dynamics and rearrangements of bulk phase determine the outcomes. In both these schools of thought, theorists believe that the macroscopic phase electroneutrality holds, TMP (whether in resting or in activated state) results solely due to ionic concentration differentials across the membrane, and the concerned proteins undergo major conformation changes to affect/effect the noted outcomes. The new entry into the field, murburn concept, builds starting from molecular considerations to macroscopic observations. It moots "effective charge separation" and intricate "molecule-ion-radical" electron transfer equilibriums as a rationale for ionic concentration differentials and TMP variation. After making an unbiased appraisal of the two classical schools of thought, the review makes a point-wise analysis of some hitherto unresolved observations/considerations and suggests the need to rethink the mechanistic perspectives.

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Section: Analyzing the Well‐known Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical analysis of explanations for cellular homeostasis and electrophysiology from murburn perspective

Manoj¹,

Tamagawa

2021

Journal Cellular Physiology

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“…For example: while the prevailing TMP generation mechanism is valid only if the membrane is semi-permeable, even impermeable membranes display TMP [18,19]. Also, these experimental traces are quite similar to the computed potentials based on the prevailing membrane theory [20,21]. How can this issue be addressed?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Explaining trans-phase potential differences with membrane theory, association-induction hypothesis and murburn concept

Tamagawa¹,

Mulembo²,

Delalande³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The characteristics of the experimentally measured trans-membrane potential (TMP) generated across an artificial membrane intervening two KCl solutions were found to be explicable using simple principles of electrochemistry, as given within the context of Association Induction Hypothesis (AIH). AIH suggests that the heterogeneous ion distribution which is caused by the adsorption of a mobile ion onto an immobile phase (bearing charge opposite to that of the mobile ion) is responsible for the TMP generation. Therefore, this work proposes AIH could be an important foundation for explaining the origin of TMP. Our experimental observation of nonzero TMP across an electrically charged non-biological/synthetic membrane is found to be intriguing, as such outcomes are classically associated to ion-pumping activities of membrane proteins in a living matter. Another experimental observation of nonzero potential across a neutral membrane is even more intriguing. Such a potential behavior is more in harmony with murburn concept, a new proposal for explaining redox metabolic and physiological phenomena.

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“…The average cell membrane resting potential is around -40/-70 mV. 209 Beyond this value expressed in mV, a more correct expression of this potential should be in (pico-)siemens (1/ohm), being this measure unit more reliably related to the conductance of the cell membrane. 210,211 Electrical properties of cells strictly relate to physiology and pathology, and literature data have clearly shown that microbes alter ion channel activity, cytoplasm activities and deformability.…”

Section: A) Sialic Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19, Cation Dysmetabolism, Sialic Acid, CD147, ACE2, Viroporins, Hepcidin and Ferroptosis: A Possible Unifying Hypothesis

et al. 2022

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Background: iron and calcium dysmetabolism, with hyperferritinemia, hypoferremia, hypocalcemia and anemia have been documented in the majority of COVID-19 patients at later/worse stages. Furthermore, complementary to ACE2, both sialic acid (SA) molecules and CD147 proved relevant host receptors for SARS-CoV-2 entry, which explains the viral attack to multiple types of cells, including erythrocytes, endothelium and neural tissue. Several authors advocated that cell ferroptosis may be the core and final cell degenerative mechanism. Methods: a literature research was performed in several scientific search engines, such as PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, Chemical Abstract Service. More than 500 articles were retrieved until mid-December 2021, to highlight the available evidence about the investigated issues. Results: based on COVID-19 literature data, we have highlighted a few pathophysiological mechanisms, associated with virus-based cation dysmetabolism, multi-organ attack, mitochondria degeneration and ferroptosis. Our suggested elucidated pathological sequence is: a) spike protein subunit S1 docking with sialylated membrane glycoproteins/receptors (ACE2, CD147), and S2 subunit fusion with the lipid layer; b) cell membrane morpho-functional changes due to the consequent electro-chemical variations and viroporin action, which induce an altered ion channel function and intracellular cation accumulation; c) additional intracellular iron concentration due to a deregulated hepcidin-ferroportin axis, with higher hepcidin levels. Viral invasion may also affect erythrocytes/erythroid precursors, endothelial cells and macrophages, through SA and CD147 receptors, with relative hemoglobin and iron/calcium dysmetabolism. AB0 blood group, hemochromatosis, or environmental elements may represent possible factors which affect individual susceptibility to COVID-19. Conclusions: our literature analysis confirms the combined role of SA molecules, ACE2, CD147, viroporins and hepcidin in determining the cation dysmetabolism and final ferroptosis in the cells infected by SARS-CoV-2. The altered ion channels and electrochemical gradients of the cell membrane have a pivotal role in the virus entry and cell dysmetabolism, with subsequent multi-organ immune-inflammatory degeneration and erythrocyte/hemoglobin alterations.

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Mathematical expression of membrane potential based on Ling’s adsorption theory is approximately the same as the Goldman–Hodgkin–Katz equation

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Critical analysis of explanations for cellular homeostasis and electrophysiology from murburn perspective

Critical analysis of explanations for cellular homeostasis and electrophysiology from murburn perspective

Explaining trans-phase potential differences with membrane theory, association-induction hypothesis and murburn concept

COVID-19, Cation Dysmetabolism, Sialic Acid, CD147, ACE2, Viroporins, Hepcidin and Ferroptosis: A Possible Unifying Hypothesis

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