Objective:.To explore the feasibility of volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) instead of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for primary tumors of advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (A-NSCLC). Methods:.We used propensity score matching (PSM) and multicenter retrospective analysis to study the efficacy and toxicity of VMAT technology in radiotherapy for primary tumors of A-NSCLC.We used the chi-squared test to analyze the response rate(RR), local control (LC), acute radiation injury, and dose-volume parameters; the Kaplan–Meier and log-rank tests were used to determine local-regional progression-free survival (LRPFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: LRPFS was significantly prolonged in stage III patients treated with IMRT before PSM (P< .05) and cases of grade 1 or 2 acute radiation esophagitis (RE) or radiation pneumonia(RP) in the IMRT than the VMAT(P< .05), but cases of grade 3 or 4 RE and RP were not significantly different between the groups (P> .05). Before PSM, there was no significant difference in the LRPFS and OS rates of the whole study group and the RR, LC, and stage IV subgroups, respectively (P> .05). After PSM, there was no significant difference in the RR, LC, LRPFS, OS, RP, or RE of patients treated with VMAT and IMRT (P> .05), normal whole-lung (V5, V20, MLD), heart (V30, V40, MHD), and equal dose-volume parameters were significantly lower in the VMAT group (P< .05).Conclusion:.Radiation therapy of A-NSCLC primary tumors using VMAT can achieve a similar efficacy to that of IMRT but with significantly lower low-dose volume parameters of normal tissues and organs; this is true especially in stage N2 cases, where the reduction in radiation damage may be more favorable.