Mating Consequences of Polyploid Evolution in Flowering Plants: Current Trends and Insights from Synthetic Polyploids

Husband, Brian C.; Ozimec, Barbara; Martin, Sara L.; Pollock, Lisa

doi:10.1086/523367

Cited by 152 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Histological studies of post-pollination events of apomictic self-compatible neopolyploid species of Bignoniaceae do not show endosperm malformations that could be caused by inbreeding depression (Bittencourt & Moraes 2010;Sampaio et al 2013a), although a slight delay in endosperm development, which is commonly associated with the action of the LSI, has been reported in Anemopaegma acutifolium (Sampaio et al 2013a). In addition, inbreeding depression is not expected to occur in neopolyploids such as H. serratifolius, especially allopolyploids, which can avoid inbreeding problems due to high rates of heterozygosity (Barringer 2007, Husband et al 2008.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-sterility in the hexaploid Handroanthus serratifolius (Bignoniaceae), the national flower of Brazil

et al. 2013

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Polyploidization is common among angiosperms and might induce typically allogamous plants to become autogamous (self-compatible, relying on sexual self-fertilization) or apomictic (achieving asexual reproduction through seeds). This work aimed to determine whether neopolyploidy leads to the breakdown of the self-incompatibility system in the hexaploid non-apomictic species Handroanthus serratifolius (Vahl) S. Grose, through analyses of its floral biology, pollination biology and breeding system. Although anthesis lasted for three days, increasing the overall floral display, receptivity decreased as of the second day. Centridini and Euglossini bees were the main pollinators, and low nectar availability (1.95 ± 1.91 μl/flower) might have obliged them to visit multiple flowers. We observed low reproductive efficacy. That might be explained by self-sterility and by the great number of flowers per individual, which could increase the frequency of geitonogamy. Ovule penetration by the pollen tubes in self-pollinated pistils with posterior abscission indicated late-acting self-incompatibility in H. serratifolius, as observed in other diploid Bignoniaceae species, although inbreeding depression cannot be excluded. The self-sterility found in the monoembryonic, hexaploid individuals studied here contrasts with the results for other neopolyploid Handroanthus and Anemopaegma species, which are often autogamous and apomictic. Our results suggest that neopolyploidy is not the main factor leading to self-fertility in Handroanthus.Key words: apomixis, late-acting self-incompatibility, monoembryony, polyploidy, Tabebuia serratifolia Acta Botanica Brasilica 27(4): 714-722. 2013. Self-sterility in the hexaploid Handroanthus serratifolius(Bignoniaceae), the national flower of Brazil

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-sterility in the hexaploid Handroanthus serratifolius (Bignoniaceae), the national flower of Brazil

et al. 2013

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“…The term neopolyploid refers to an early generation polyploid mutant-either arising spontaneously or induced by chemical or environmental treatment-while established polyploids occur in natural populations, and thus have been subject to conventional evolutionary processes like natural selection and genetic drift for an unknown number of generations [5,6,10,14,[28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological studies of polyploidy in the 100 years following its discovery

Ramsey

2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

248

237

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Polyploidy is a mutation with profound phenotypic consequences and thus hypothesized to have transformative effects in plant ecology. This is most often considered in the context of geographical and environmental distributions—as achieved from divergence of physiological and life-history traits—but may also include species interactions and biological invasion. This paper presents a historical overview of hypotheses and empirical data regarding the ecology of polyploids. Early researchers of polyploidy (1910s–1930s) were geneticists by training but nonetheless savvy to its phenotypic effects, and speculated on the importance of genome duplication to adaptation and crop improvement. Cytogenetic studies in the 1930s–1950s indicated that polyploids are larger (sturdier foliage, thicker stems and taller stature) than diploids while cytogeographic surveys suggested that polyploids and diploids have allopatric or parapatric distributions. Although autopolyploidy was initially regarded as common, influential writings by North American botanists in the 1940s and 1950s argued for the principle role of allopolyploidy; according to this view, genome duplication was significant for providing a broader canvas for hybridization rather than for its phenotypic effects per se . The emphasis on allopolyploidy had a chilling effect on nascent ecological work, in part due to taxonomic challenges posed by interspecific hybridization. Nonetheless, biosystematic efforts over the next few decades (1950s–1970s) laid the foundation for ecological research by documenting cytotype distributions and identifying phenotypic correlates of polyploidy. Rigorous investigation of polyploid ecology was achieved in the 1980s and 1990s by population biologists who leveraged flow cytometry for comparative work in autopolyploid complexes. These efforts revealed multi-faceted ecological and phenotypic differences, some of which may be direct consequences of genome duplication. Several classical hypotheses about the ecology of polyploids remain untested, however, and allopolyploidy—regarded by most botanists as the primary mode of genome duplication—is largely unstudied in an ecological context.

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“…In two different diploid-tetraploid fern pairs, selfing survival rates were nearly 100% in the tetraploid races, while it ranged from 5 to 60% in the diploids (Masuyama and Watano, 1990). Similarly, a reduction of inbreeding depression is observed in other polyploid-diploid comparisons (Husband and Schemske, 1997;Galloway et al, 2003;Husband et al, 2008), even though there are cases where the opposite is observed (Johnston and Schoen, 1996).…”

Section: Increased Diversity and Tolerance For Selfingmentioning

confidence: 76%

The “Polyploid Hop”: Shifting Challenges and Opportunities Over the Evolutionary Lifespan of Genome Duplications

et al. 2018

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The duplication of an entire genome is no small affair. Whole genome duplication (WGD) is a dramatic mutation with long-lasting effects, yet it occurs repeatedly in all eukaryotic kingdoms. Plants are particularly rich in documented WGDs, with recent and ancient polyploidization events in all major extant lineages. However, challenges immediately following WGD, such as the maintenance of stable chromosome segregation or detrimental ecological interactions with diploid progenitors, commonly do not permit establishment of nascent polyploids. Despite these immediate issues some lineages nevertheless persist and thrive. In fact, ecological modeling commonly supports patterns of adaptive niche differentiation in polyploids, with young polyploids often invading new niches and leaving their diploid progenitors behind. In line with these observations of polyploid evolutionary success, recent work documents instant physiological consequences of WGD associated with increased dehydration stress tolerance in first-generation autotetraploids. Furthermore, population genetic theory predicts both short-and long-term benefits of polyploidy and new empirical data suggests that established polyploids may act as "sponges" accumulating adaptive allelic diversity. In addition to their increased genetic variability, introgression with other tetraploid lineages, diploid progenitors, or even other species, further increases the available pool of genetic variants to polyploids. Despite this, the evolutionary advantages of polyploidy are still questioned, and the debate over the idea of polyploidy as an evolutionary dead-end carries on. Here we broadly synthesize the newest empirical data moving this debate forward. Altogether, evidence suggests that if early barriers are overcome, WGD can offer instantaneous fitness advantages opening the way to a transformed fitness landscape by sampling a higher diversity of alleles, including some already preadapted to their local environment. This occurs in the context of intragenomic, population genomic, and physiological modifications that can, on occasion, offer an evolutionary edge. Yet in the long run, early advantages can turn into long-term hindrances, and without ecological drivers such as novel ecological niche availability or agricultural propagation, a restabilization of the genome via diploidization will begin the cycle anew.

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Mating Consequences of Polyploid Evolution in Flowering Plants: Current Trends and Insights from Synthetic Polyploids

Cited by 152 publications

References 72 publications

Self-sterility in the hexaploid Handroanthus serratifolius (Bignoniaceae), the national flower of Brazil

Self-sterility in the hexaploid Handroanthus serratifolius (Bignoniaceae), the national flower of Brazil

Ecological studies of polyploidy in the 100 years following its discovery

The “Polyploid Hop”: Shifting Challenges and Opportunities Over the Evolutionary Lifespan of Genome Duplications

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