Matrix morphology and the particle dispersion in HDPE nanocomposites with enhanced wear resistance

Pelto, Jani; Verho, Tuukka; Ronkainen, Helena; Kaunisto, Kimmo; Metsäjoki, Jarkko; Seitsonen, Jani; Karttunen, Mikko

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2019.105897

Cited by 44 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…On the other hand, the content of GO increased the T g thanks to the higher mechanical support provided by this component with nanometric size and the physical interactions between the polymer chains and the nanoparticles [43].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Bioactive and Antibacterial Acrylic Bone Cement Nanocomposites Modified with Graphene Oxide and Chitosan

Zapata

Mina

Grande-Tovar

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Acrylic bone cements (ABCs) have played a key role in orthopedic surgery mainly in arthroplasties, but their use is increasingly extending to other applications, such as remodeling of cancerous bones, cranioplasties, and vertebroplasties. However, these materials present some limitations related to their inert behavior and the risk of infection after implantation, which leads to a lack of attachment and makes necessary new surgical interventions. In this research, the physicochemical, thermal, mechanical, and biological properties of ABCs modified with chitosan (CS) and graphene oxide (GO) were studied. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman mapping, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), compression resistance, mechanical dynamic analysis (DMA), hydrolytic degradation, cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity with human osteoblasts (HOb), and antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli were used to characterize the ABCs. The results revealed good dispersion of GO nanosheets in the ABCs. GO provided an increase in antibacterial activity, roughness, and flexural behavior, while CS generated porosity, increased the rate of degradation, and decreased compression properties. All ABCs were not cytotoxic and support good cell viability of HOb. The novel formulation of ABCs containing GO and CS simultaneously, increased the thermal stability, flexural modulus, antibacterial behavior, and osteogenic activity, which gives it a high potential for its uses in orthopedic applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Bioactive and Antibacterial Acrylic Bone Cement Nanocomposites Modified with Graphene Oxide and Chitosan

Zapata

Mina

Grande-Tovar

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…The number of OH groups onto the particles surface was calculated using the following formula. [24] N per nm 2…”

Section: Analytical Methods Appliedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Properties of filled polymers are strongly affected by various fillers (dispersed phase), and it can be controlled by changes in filler characteristics and concentrations. Particularly, the final properties of polymer composites are greatly affected by the dimensions and microstructure of the dispersed phase . Montmorillonite (MMT), as a low cost inorganic material, is widely used in polymer science and nanotechnology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly, the final properties of polymer composites are greatly affected by the dimensions and microstructure of the dispersed phase. [1,2] Montmorillonite (MMT), as a low cost inorganic material, is widely used in polymer science and nanotechnology. The layered structure of MMT allows many strategies to modification and to prepare a variety of hybrids and composites.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Improved mechanical properties and hydrophobicity on wood flour reinforced composites: Incorporation of silica/montmorillonite nanoparticles in polymers

et al. 2019

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Silica/montmorillonite hybrid nanoparticles were prepared to modify high‐density polyethylene which was used to fabricate wood/polymer composites (WPC). Surface modification of hybrids with γ‐methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS) increased water contact angles from 10.7°to 88.1°and decreased the content of hydroxyl groups (42% relative OH content), indicating the successful grafting of MPTS. Compared with silica, the layered structure of montmorillonite (MMT) provided a better barrier (tortuous paths) for water penetration, and the incorporation of silica in hybrids provided more sites for MPTS grafting. Both of them resulted in the improvement on hydrophobicity for hybrids and WPCs. In the WPC system, some silicas in modified hybrids were not only dispersed in the polymer matrix but also penetrated into the cell wall of wood flours (WF) owing to the extruded process. The MMT in hybrids could mainly cover the WF surface. This distribution of hybrids could improve the WF mechanical strength and interfacial compatibility between the WF and polymer with the help of MPTS, resulting in enhanced mechanical properties of the composites. Compared with control (without nanoparticles), the tensile strength, impact strength, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity of the WPC with modified hybrids incorporation increased by 31%, 47%, 18%, and 28%, respectively.

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“…This technique has a poor mixing capacity, resulting in a high content of agglomerates placed at the boundary of the sintered powder, which will prevent the molecular diffusion between the particles during sintering, and it will act as a stress concentrator during the mechanical test [ 3 , 7 ]. The development of nanocomposites, as an alternative, has been using low-molecular-weight polyethylene matrices (high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)) [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Despite achieving a good mixture of the nanofiller in these matrices due to using conventional melt mixing processing techniques, the material obtained still did not present a very high tribological performance compared to UHMWPE [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Tribological-Performance Polymer Nanocomposites: An Approach Based on the Superlubricity State of the Graphene Oxide Agglomerates

2021

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Here, nanocomposites of high-molecular-weight polyethylene (HMWPE) and HMWPE-UHMWPE (80/20 wt.%) containing a low amount of multilayer graphene oxide (mGO) (≤0.1 wt.%) were produced via twin-screw extrusion to produce materials with a higher tribological performance than UHMWPE. Due to the high viscosity of both polymers, the nanocomposites presented a significant concentration of agglomerates. However, the mechanical (tensile) and tribological (volumetric loss) performances of the nanocomposites were superior to those of UHMWPE. The morphology of the nanocomposites was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), microtomography, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The explanation for these results is based on the superlubricity phenomenon of mGO agglomerates. It was also shown that the well-exfoliated mGO also contained in the nanocomposite was of fundamental importance as a mechanical reinforcement for the polymer. Even with a high concentration of agglomerates, the nanocomposites displayed tribological properties superior to UHMWPE’s (wear resistance up to 27% higher and friction coefficient up to 57% lower). Therefore, this manuscript brings a new exception to the rule, showing that agglomerates can act in a beneficial way to the mechanical properties of polymers, as long as the superlubricity phenomenon is present in the agglomerates contained in the polymer.

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Matrix morphology and the particle dispersion in HDPE nanocomposites with enhanced wear resistance

Cited by 44 publications

References 27 publications

Novel Bioactive and Antibacterial Acrylic Bone Cement Nanocomposites Modified with Graphene Oxide and Chitosan

Novel Bioactive and Antibacterial Acrylic Bone Cement Nanocomposites Modified with Graphene Oxide and Chitosan

Improved mechanical properties and hydrophobicity on wood flour reinforced composites: Incorporation of silica/montmorillonite nanoparticles in polymers

High-Tribological-Performance Polymer Nanocomposites: An Approach Based on the Superlubricity State of the Graphene Oxide Agglomerates

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