Máxima Información, Mínima Molestia (MIMO): Reducir cuestionarios para cuidar de las personas participantes en psicología del deporte

Abstract

Contestar a un gran número de ítems puede suponer una gran carga para las personas participantes, lo cual puede empeorar la calidad de los datos recogidos. Por este motivo, el propósito de nuestro estudio es presentar el método de Máxima Información, Mínima Molestia (MIMO) para el desarrollo de versiones cortas en psicología del deporte. Nuestro protocolo propone cuatro fases para preparar la versión corta de un cuestionario ya existente. Concretamente, proponemos (a) realizar una selección inicial de ítems en base a criterios teóricos, psicométricos y de comprensión (Fase I); (b) refinar la versión corta gracias a las opiniones de un panel de personas expertas (Fase II); (c) evaluar la comprensión de los ítems por parte de la población diana (Fase III); y (d) evaluar la estructura factorial, fiabilidad y validez de relación con otras variables (Fase IV). Para cada fase, aportamos justificación, explicamos su desarrollo, las personas involucradas, y ofrecemos un ejemplo real de cómo podría aplicarse. En esencia, el método MIMO permite desarrollar versiones cortas que cuiden de las personas participantes, evalúen los aspectos clave de los constructos, conserven las propiedades psicométricas e incrementen la calidad de los datos recogidos.

Measuring optimal psychological states: Proposal of two brief versions to measure flow and clutch in athletes

“…After analyzing the original version of the FSS, they were entrusted with a double task: order numerically, under their criteria, which items best represented the definition of each dimension for flow, and, at the same time, provide qualitative justification of the selected order. At this stage, three new item proposals were included for those dimensions in which it was considered that the existing items did not make "reference to the core of the construct" (p. 55, Alcaraz et al, 2020). From these three items, after semantic analysis and discussion, finally were included two related to the dimensions of clear goals (item 3: It was very clear what I needed to do, and I wanted to achieve) and sense of control (item 6: I was feeling a sense of control over my body and mind).…”

“…Following with the MIMO structure (Alcaraz et al, 2020), in Study 2, we developed the first part of Phase IV, Evaluation of the Short Version. With the application of the two scales, its statistical analysis is developed, in which its reliability and validity are assessed together with the relationship between dimensions and characteristics.…”

“…In addition, short questionnaires improve data quality, as long tools have been found to lead to boredom and apathy (Coste et al, 1997;;Jackson et al, 2008;Alcaraz et al, 2013Alcaraz et al, , 2020García-Alba et al, 2021). In addition, it will be following the recommendations of authors who defend that shortening existing tools is better than creating new ones since it saves phases in their creation and the instrument will be familiar for the participants (Coste et al, 1997;Alcaraz et al, 2013Alcaraz et al, , 2020. For that, the Spanish translation of the FSS by García Calvo et al (2008) will be used to develop a short form for flow.…”

“…Our process of development and validation of the short forms relies on the Maximum Information, Minimum Discomfort method (MIMO, Alcaraz et al, 2020). This protocol is initially based on Boateng et al, 2018 and is divided into four phases.…”

“…Study 1: Pilot study. Short-form development For scale validation, the MIMO strategy (Maximum Information, Minimum Discomfort, Alcaraz et al, 2020) has been followed and Study 1 will complete Phase 1: Initial Item Selection, Phase 2: Expert Group, and Phase 3: Comprehension of Focus Group.…”