Maximizing Performance Feedback Effectiveness through Videotape Replay and a Self-Controlled Learning Environment

Abstract

This study was designed to examine whether participants who could control the schedule of performance feedback (KP) would learn differentially from those who received a rigid feedback schedule while learning a complex task. Participants (N = 48) were randomly assigned to self-controlled KP (SELF), summary KP (SUMMARY), yoked control (YOKE), or knowledge of results only (KR) conditions. Data collection consisted of an acquisition phase and a 4-day retention phase during which right-handed participants performed a left-handed ball throw. Overall, throwing form improved across trial blocks during acquisition, with the SUMMARY, SELF, and YOKE groups showing more improvement than the KR group. During retention, the SELF group retained a higher level of throwing form and accuracy in comparison to the other groups. Results suggest that when given the opportunity to control the feedback environment, learners require relatively less feedback to acquire skills and retain those skills at a level equivalent to or surpassing those who are given more feedback but receive it passively.

Effects of Self-Controlled Feedback on Balance during Blocked Training for Patients with Cerebrovascular Accident

“…Wulf et al 21) reported that self-controlled feedback in an active practice was more effective at increasing practice time and learning effect than yoked feedback in a passive practice. The effectiveness of self-controlled feedback was proved by an earlier study 20) . Our results show that all the parameters of the self-controlled group concerned with balance ability were significantly smaller than those of the yoked feedback and control groups.…”

“…However, these feedback methods did not encourage active participation of the learner. To address this issue, the efficacy of self-control has been discussed in the field of recognition learning for several years 20,21,25) . The choice of tool for evaluating cognitive function is very important in the rehabilitation of cerebrovascular accident patients 33) .…”

“…In addition, Wulf et al 24) indicated that acquisition of ski movement in a self-controlled feedback group was better than that in a yoked feedback group in motor learning on a ski simulator. Janelle et al 20) reported that this is because subjects participate in the training more actively when using self-controlled feedback, and the perception of the training improves.…”

“…Janelle et al 20) showed that self-controlled feedback in learning the task of throwing a ball with the non-dominant hand was more effective than yoked feedback or summary feedback. Chiviacowsky et al 22) reported that the error rate of a self-controlled group in a key push task on a computer key-board decreased more than that of a yoked feedback group.…”

“…Effective learning can be achieved by interaction among the elements noted above. Particularly, in the learning process, teachers and therapists need to be interested in how actively subjects participate in the practice 20,21) .…”