Maximum transient pressures in a rapidly filling pipeline with entrapped air using a CFD model

Martins, Nuno M. C.; Delgado, João; Ramos, Helena M.; Covas, Dídia

doi:10.1080/00221686.2016.1275046

Cited by 45 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The filling process begins when a discharge valve is opened (K u ). Consequently, the water column driven by an energy source (tank or pump) starts to fill the hydraulic system (see Figure 2.1a) by compressing the entrapped air pocket (Zhou et al, 2013a;Martins et al, 2017;Malekpour et al, 2016) producing peaks of absolute pressure (pressure surges). Valve K d is closed to produce the rapid compression of an air pocket.…”

Section: Understanding Of Filling and Emptying Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mathematical models are complex to develop when there is water column separation (Bergant et al, 2006). Water column separation can occur for different reasons such as (i) cavitation (Yang, 2001), (ii) when the water column movement finds an entrapped air pocket, as occurs during filling and emptying processes (Martins et al, 2017), or (iii) for releasing of the dissolved air in saturated water (Ramezani et al, 2016). Pipelines always carry an air-water mixture during filling and emptying operations.…”

Section: Review Of Mathematical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the emptying process, Laanearu et al (2012) experimentally analyzed this operation in a large-scale pipeline by pressurized air, Tijsseling et al (2016) proposed a semiempirical model to predict the emptying process by pressurized air, Fuertes-Miquel et al (2018b) proposed and validated a mathematical model of a single pipe, and Coronado-Hernández et al (2017b) studied emptying processes using various air valves in a water pipeline. CFD models have been established to simulate filling and emptying processes (Zhou et al, 2011b;Martins et al, 2017). Table 2.1 presents the main advantages and disadvantages of various mathematical models for the water phase during filling and emptying processes.…”

Section: Water Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2D/3D models Complex shapes of air-water interface can be considered (Martins et al, 2017), and the position of air-water interfaces can be modeled adequately.…”

Section: Disadvantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Models require a low time step which implies a high computing time (Martins et al, 2017;Zhou et al, 2011b).…”

Section: Disadvantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transient phenomena during the emptying process of water in pressurized pipelines

Hernández¹,

Enrique²

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AgradecimientosQuiero agradecer al Dr. Vicente Samuel Fuertes-Miquel por haber sido mi director de tesis doctoral, en donde sentí su apoyo desde que inicié estos estudios en la Universitat Politècnica de València. También deseo agradecer a la Prof. Helena M. Ramos por su ayuda durante la estancia de investigación en la Universidad de Lisboa (Portugal).Gracias al apoyo incondicional de mi amada esposa Claudia Milena, quien estuvo conmigo durante todo este proceso apoyándome constantemente y motivándome a finalizar mis estudios de doctorado, y por supuesto a mi bebé Salomón por haberme cambiado la vida durante este proceso. De igual manera estoy muy agradecido por el amor de Mami Delcy, de hermani (Jairo Rafael) y de mi padre Jairo de Jesús (QEPD).Gracias al Dios Triuno (Padre, Hijo y Espíritu) por haberme brindado la capacidad para afrontar y terminar este reto. Valencia (España), Enero de 2019V This page is intentionally left blank. --VI AbstractThe analysis of transient phenomena during water filling operations in pipelines of irregular profiles has been studied much more compared to emptying maneuvers. In the literature, there is a lack of knowledge about mathematical models of emptying operations. This research starts with the analysis of a transient phenomenon during emptying maneuvers in single pipelines, which is a previous stage to understand the emptying operation in pipelines of irregular profiles. Analysis are conducted under two typical situations: (i) one corresponding to either the situation where there are no air valves installed or when they have failed due to operational and maintenance problems which represents the worse condition due to causing the lowest troughs of subatmospheric pressure, and (ii) the other one corresponding to the situation where air valves have been installed at the highest point of hydraulic installations to give reliability by admitting air into the pipelines for preventing troughs of subatmospheric pressure. Particularly, this research developed a mathematical model to predict the behavior of the emptying operations. The mathematical model is proposed for the two aforementioned situations. The liquid phase (water) is simulated using a rigid water column model (RWCM), which neglects the pipe and water elasticity given that the elasticity of the entrapped air pockets is much higher than the one from the pipe and the water. The air-water interface is simulated with a piston flow model assuming that the water column is perpendicular with the main direction of the flow. Gas phase is modeled using three formulations: (a) a polytropic model based on its energetic behavior, which considers an expansion of air pockets; (b) an air valve characterization to quantify the magnitude of admitted air flow; and (c) a continuity equation of the air. An ordinary differential equations system is solved using the Simulink tool of Matlab.The proposed model has been validated using experimental facilities at the hydraulic laboratories of the Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain,...

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Section: Understanding Of Filling and Emptying Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Review Of Mathematical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2D/3D models Complex shapes of air-water interface can be considered (Martins et al, 2017), and the position of air-water interfaces can be modeled adequately.…”

Section: Disadvantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Models require a low time step which implies a high computing time (Martins et al, 2017;Zhou et al, 2011b).…”

Section: Disadvantagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transient phenomena during the emptying process of water in pressurized pipelines

Hernández¹,

Enrique²

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Ball Valve Behavior under Steady and Unsteady Conditions

2018

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Improved SWMM Modeling for Rapid Pipe Filling Incorporating Air Behavior in Intermittent Water Supply Systems

et al. 2023

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Stormwater management model (SWMM) software has recently become a modeling tool for the simulation of intermittent water supply systems. However, SWMM is not capable of accurately simulating the air behavior in the pipe-filling phase, missing therefore a relevant factor during pipe pressurization. This work proposes the integration of a conventional accumulator model in the existing SWMM hydraulic model to overcome this gap. SWMM source code was modified to calculate the air piezometric head inside the pipe based on the system boundary conditions, and the air piezometric head was incorporated in the SWMM flow rate pressure component. Experimental data were collected during the rapid filling of a pipe system for three possible configurations that are likely to occur in intermittent water supply pipe systems: no air release, small air release, and large air release. Results show that the improved SWMM better describes the effect of the air behavior using the extended transport (EXTRAN) surcharge method when compared to the original SWMM. Results also show that the SLOT method with predefined slot width is not suitable for this purpose; thus, further research is needed to assess if an adjusted slot width could provide better results.

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Maximum transient pressures in a rapidly filling pipeline with entrapped air using a CFD model

Cited by 45 publications

References 19 publications

Transient phenomena during the emptying process of water in pressurized pipelines

Transient phenomena during the emptying process of water in pressurized pipelines

Ball Valve Behavior under Steady and Unsteady Conditions

Improved SWMM Modeling for Rapid Pipe Filling Incorporating Air Behavior in Intermittent Water Supply Systems

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