MEAN AREAL PRECIPITATION FOR DAILY HYDROLOGIC MODELING IN MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS¹

Abstract

A procedure using detrended kriging has been developed to calculate daily values of mean areal precipitation (MAP) for input to hydrologic models. The important features of this procedure that overcome weaknesses in existing MAP procedures are: (1) specific precipitation‐elevation relationships are determined for each time period as opposed to using relationships based on climatological averages, (2) spatial variability is incorporated by estimating precipitation for each grid cell over a watershed, (3) the spatial correlation structure of precipitation is explicitly modeled, and (4) station weights for precipitation estimates are determined objectively and optimally. Detailed cross‐validation testing of the procedure was done for the Reynolds Creek research watershed in southwestern Idaho. The procedure is suitable for use in operational streamflow forecasting.

A Process-Based Application of State-and-Transition Models: A Case Study of Western Juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) Encroachment

“…Measured hourly precipitation at the six weather stations is distributed by detrended kriging if it is classified as rain or mixed phase precipitation events based on dew point temperature (Garen et al, 1994;Garen, 1995;Marks et al, 2013). The distribution of snow events account for wind redistribution as a function of wind speed, wind direction, topography, and vegetation .…”

Spatial modeling and interpolation of monthly temperature using kriging

“…Its simpler form, residual kriging, can also be used to 'detrend' the data. Detrending is useful in dealing with broader regional trends or more locally occurring conditions, such as the well-known dependency between rainfall amounts and elevation (Chua & Bras 1982, Dingman et al 1988, Phillips et al 1992, Garen et al 1994.…”

Weather-dependent fluctuations in the abundance of the oak processionary moth, Thaumetopoea processionea (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae)

“…Precipitation maps were created using the kriging interpolation method. Kriging is a geostatistical gridding method that has proved useful and been applied extensively for the interpolation of climate data (Dingman et al, 1988;Garen et al, 1994;Hevesi et al, 1992). The reliability of the precipitation maps was assessed using a crossvalidation method.…”