Meanings, drivers, and motivations for community-based conservation in Latin America

Ruíz-Mallén, Isabel; Schunko, Christoph; Corbera, Esteve; Rös, Matthias; Reyes‐García, Victoria

doi:10.5751/es-07733-200333

Cited by 76 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In externally driven monitoring schemes, motivation is often linked to incentives offered to the communities or to the individuals involved. These incentives may be the ability for local participants to use the collected data for decisionmaking and management (Constantino et al 2012;Boissière et al 2013), recognition of tenure rights (Veer et al 2006;Ruiz-Mallén et al 2015), recognition of legal access (Van Rijsoort and Jinfeng 2005;Funder et al 2013), and pecuniary benefits (Rode et al 2015;Ruiz-Mallén et al 2015). By contrast, autonomous monitoring can occur even if these benefits are not offered.…”

Section: Motivation To Engage In Forest Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Wants to Save the Forest? Characterizing Community-Led Monitoring in Prey Lang, Cambodia

Turreira-García

Meilby

Brofeldt

et al. 2018

Environmental Management

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Community monitoring is believed to be successful only where there is sustained funding, legislation for communities to enforce rules, clear tenure rights, and an enabling environment created by the state. Against this backdrop, we present the case of an autonomous grassroots-monitoring network that took the initiative to protect their forest, in a context, where no external incentives and rule enforcement power were provided. The aim was to analyze the socio-demographic and economic backgrounds, motivations and achievements of forest monitors, compared to non-monitors in the same communities. A total of 137 interviews were conducted in four villages bordering Prey Lang forest in Cambodia. We used binary logit models to identify the factors that influenced the likelihood of being a monitor. Results show that there were few (22%, n = 30) active monitors. Active monitors were intrinsically motivated forest-users, and not specifically associated with a particular gender, ethnicity, or residence-time in that area. The most common interventions were with illegal loggers, and the monitors had a general feeling of success in stopping the illegal activities. Most (73%, n = 22) of them had been threatened by higher authorities and loggers. Our results show that despite the lack of power to enforce rules, absence of external funding and land-ownership rights, and enduring threats of violence and conflicts, autonomous community monitoring may take place when community members are sufficiently motivated by the risk of losing their resources.

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Section: Motivation To Engage In Forest Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who Wants to Save the Forest? Characterizing Community-Led Monitoring in Prey Lang, Cambodia

Turreira-García

Meilby

Brofeldt

et al. 2018

Environmental Management

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“…Other types of non-externally driven CBM strategies exist, including: (i) strategies aiming to devolve or recognize existing community rights and responsibilities based on concerns of environmental and social justice (Brosius et al 1998;Myers and Muhajir 2015); (ii) long-term CBM strategies based on customary practices that result in conservation (Ostrom 1990;Ruiz-Mallén et al 2015); and (iii) collective common pool resource management, often associated with co-management strategies (Hauzer et al 2013;Ruiz-Ballesteros and Gálvez-García 2014). Fewer studies have investigated these internally-driven initiatives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trade-offs between conservation and development in community-based management initiatives

Delgado-Serrano

2017

International Journal of the Commons

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Community-based management (CBM) has attracted much interest as a conservation and development strategy in natural resource-dependent communities in recent decades. However, most initiatives fail to achieve both objectives. The most analyzed CBM strategies in the literature include donor-and government-driven initiatives, but other types exist as well. The research objective was to identify the internal and external factors that influence the trade-offs between conservation and development in three internally driven CBM initiatives in Latin America: a long-term indigenous-based conservation strategy, the constitutional recognition of ancestral land rights of Afro-American communities and artisanal fisheries management. The results showed that livelihoods depend on natural resources, but none of the cases identified a balance between conservation and development. Community activities are not the primary cause of natural resource degradation. Conservation is supported by ethnicity and cultural values and is challenged by current development models and worldviews that push intensification of resource use and by power asymmetries. Internal pressures include limited rule compliance and enforcement authority to stop free-riding and unauthorized activities. Internal challenges for development include the lack of capacities, rigid rules and non-inclusive CBM, and the inertia and risk aversion that prevail in many communities. External challenges include the lack of economic incentives and compensation models that enable welfare opportunities linked to sustainable management.

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“…COMBIOSERVE found that the drivers and motivations for community-based conservation of indigenous communities in Brazil, Bolivia, and Mexico differed considerably as a result of distinct external and internal (intracommunity) processes that determine social-ecological change (Ruiz-Mallén et al 2015a). For example, in the Calakmul community in Mexico, a key driver of conservation is a statedriven policy for direct forest conservation through a payment for ecosystem services (PES) program, which involves a 5-year payment renewable and collective contract.…”

Section: Models Of Governancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the establishment of the Coroa Vermelha Indigenous Territory in 1997 allowed the Pataxó to gain formal usufruct rights over such territory lands, and they in turn set aside an area of 827 ha to preserve the forest against urbanization pressures. And while the arrival of tourists to the region and the need to gain further social recognition as an indigenous group helped consolidate the locally protected area over time, the increase in tourism represents a challenge for conservation if, over time, it contributes to displacing culturally rooted conservation principles without a balance between ethnotourism initiatives and sustainable, economically profitable resource management (Ruiz-Mallén et al 2015a). …”

Section: Models Of Governancementioning

confidence: 99%

Community-based management of environmental challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean

Delgado-Serrano¹,

Mistry²,

Matzdorf³

et al. 2017

E&S

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ABSTRACT. This Special Feature gathers the results of five research projects funded by the 7th Research Framework Program of the European Union and aims to identify successful cases of community-based management of environmental challenges in Latin America. The funding scheme, Research for the benefit of Civil Society Organizations, fostered innovative research approaches between civil society and research organizations. More than 20 field sites have been explored, and issues such as trade-offs between conservation and development, scientific versus local knowledge, social learning, ecosystem services, community owned solutions, scaling-up and scalingout strategies, the influence of context and actors in effective environmental management and governance, and the conflicts of interests around natural resources have been addressed. Based on our experiences as project coordinators, in this editorial we reflect on some of the important lessons gained for research praxis and impact, focusing on knowledge of governance models and their scaling-out and scaling-up, and on methods and tools to enable action research at the science-civil society interface. The results highlight the richness of community-based management experiences that exist in Latin America and the diversity of approaches to encourage the sustainable community-based management of environmental challenges.

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Meanings, drivers, and motivations for community-based conservation in Latin America

Cited by 76 publications

References 52 publications

Who Wants to Save the Forest? Characterizing Community-Led Monitoring in Prey Lang, Cambodia

Who Wants to Save the Forest? Characterizing Community-Led Monitoring in Prey Lang, Cambodia

Trade-offs between conservation and development in community-based management initiatives

Community-based management of environmental challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean

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