Measles Antibodies in Mother–Infant Dyads in Tianjin, China

Boulton, Matthew L.; Wang, Xiexiu; Wagner, Abram L.; Zhang, Ying; Carlson, Bradley F.; Gillespie, Brenda W.; Ding, Yunchuan

doi:10.1093/infdis/jix453

Cited by 15 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The age-specific incidence of measles among young infants was higher compared to the other age groups [7,8]. Some local serological studies conducted among young infants found that early waning of maternal antibodies against measles might be the primary cause [9,10,11,12]. Similar phenomenon was observed in low-incidence and even measles-eliminated settings [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Even women who have acquired natural immunity or have been vaccinated might not be able to pass on sufficient maternal antibodies to protect their infants until 8 months of age. A study conducted in Tianjin Province from 2011 to 2015 showed that almost all infants lacked a seropositive titre during the period preceding MV1 administration, regardless of their mothers’ antibody titres [10]. In Jiangxi Province, <50% of children aged one year were seropositive [11], whereas in Qinghai Province, only 53% of infants aged 8 months were seropositive [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Waning of Maternal Measles Antibodies in Infants in Zhejiang Province, China: A Comparison of Two Cross-Sectional Serosurveys

Chong

Yan

Liu

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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In China, children aged <8 months, who were expected to be protected by maternal antibodies before receiving the first dose of measles vaccine, were the age group with the greatest risk of infection in recent years. In this study, we evaluated whether infants yet to be age-eligible for measles vaccine had a sufficient seropositive level of maternal measles antibodies in 2009 and 2013. Blood samples were collected from infants aged <8 months through population-based serological surveys conducted in Zhejiang, China. Serum levels of immunoglobulin G measles antibodies were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In 2013, the mean geometric mean titres (GMTs) of infants aged 4 to 8 months were below the seropositivity threshold (<200 mIU/mL), decreasing from 118.6 mIU/mL (95% confidence interval [CI] 83.0, 169.3 mIU/mL) at 4 months to 28.6 mIU/mL (95% CI 15.6, 52.3 mIU/mL) at 7 months. Antibody levels were significantly lower in 2013 than in 2009 starting from 5 months of age. In conclusion, infants aged 4 to 8 months are susceptible to measles due to low levels of maternal measles antibodies. It is thus suggested to provide infants with a supplementary dose on top of the routine schedule, and/or launch catch-up vaccination campaigns among young women.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Waning of Maternal Measles Antibodies in Infants in Zhejiang Province, China: A Comparison of Two Cross-Sectional Serosurveys

Chong

Yan

Liu

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…Preterm birth, maternal inflammation, and autoimmune disease have been identified as possible causes of failure of protective transplacental antibody transfer from the mother to the infant. 16 , 18 , 19 We observed failure of protective antibody transfer of rubella IgG in three full-term Nepali infants. However, the sample size was insufficient to address the effect of gestational age on serostatus in this population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

“… 15 Substantial antibody decay before 4 months of age has been well documented, signaling greater risk of infection to infants before they receive vaccine. 16 , 17 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles and Rubella Seroprevalence in Mother–Infant Pairs in Rural Nepal and the United States: Pre- and Post-Elimination Populations

Murray

Englund

Tielsch

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract.We sought to compare seroprevalence of protective measles and rubella-specific antibody in mother–infant pairs across two populations: a pre-disease elimination Nepal population with recently introduced rubella vaccine and post-disease elimination U.S. population. Qualitative measles and rubella immunoglobulin G was assessed in maternal serum and cord blood from 258 pairs in Nepal, 2012–2013 and 49 pairs in Seattle, WA, 2014–2015. High rates of protective antibody were observed in both populations. Two hundred and forty-four (95%) pregnant women in Nepal had protective measles antibody versus 44 (92%) in Seattle (P = 0.42). Ninety-six percent of infants in Nepal (N = 246) and Seattle (N = 43) had protective measles antibody (P = 0.75). Ninety-four percentage of pregnant women in Nepal (N = 242) and Seattle (N = 45) had protective rubella antibody (P = 0.23). Two hundred and thirty-eight (93%) infants in Nepal had protective rubella antibody versus 44 (98%) in Seattle (P = 0.12). Continued surveillance will be necessary to ensure protective immunity, inform progress toward disease elimination in Nepal and avoid reemergence in the United States.

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“…Hence, there was a remarkable immunity gap among children under 8 months old. Some studies showed that only around 2.7% to 6.8% of infants are seropositive for measles at 6 months of age [34,35]. Nevertheless, even though infants aged 0-8 months were identified as a high transmissibility group, reducing the minimum age for receiving MCV-1 to 6 months is controversial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the age-specificity of measles transmissions during 2009-2016 in Southern China

Chong

Lau

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundDespite several immunization efforts, China saw a resurgence of measles in 2012. Monitoring of transmissions of individuals from different age groups could offer information that would be valuable for planning adequate disease control strategies. We compared the age-specific effective reproductive numbers (R) of measles during 2009–2016 in Guangdong, China.MethodsWe estimated the age-specific R values for 7 age groups: 0–8 months, 9–18 months, 19 months to 6 years, 7–15 years, 16–25 years, 26–45 years, and ≥46 years adapting the contact matrix of China. The daily numbers of laboratory and clinically confirmed cases reported to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong were used.ResultsThe peak R values of the entire population were above unity from 2012 to 2016, indicating the persistence of measles in the population. In general, children aged 0–6 years and adults aged 26–45 years had larger values of R when comparing with other age groups after 2012. While the peaks of R values for children aged 0–6 years dropped steadily after 2013, the peaks of R values for adults aged 26–45 years kept at a high range every year.ConclusionsAlthough the provincial supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) conducted in 2009 and 2010 were able to reduce the transmissions from 2009 to 2011, larger values of R for children aged 0–6 years were observed after 2012, indicating that the benefits of the SIAs were short-lived. In addition, the transmissions from adults aged between 26 and 45 years increased over time. Disease control strategies should target children and adult groups that carry high potential for measles transmission.

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Measles Antibodies in Mother–Infant Dyads in Tianjin, China

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Early Waning of Maternal Measles Antibodies in Infants in Zhejiang Province, China: A Comparison of Two Cross-Sectional Serosurveys

Early Waning of Maternal Measles Antibodies in Infants in Zhejiang Province, China: A Comparison of Two Cross-Sectional Serosurveys

Measles and Rubella Seroprevalence in Mother–Infant Pairs in Rural Nepal and the United States: Pre- and Post-Elimination Populations

Monitoring the age-specificity of measles transmissions during 2009-2016 in Southern China

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