Measles associated with international travel in the region of the Americas, Australia and Europe, 2001–2013: A systematic review

Jost, Moritz; Luzi, Domenica; Metzler, Stefanie; Miran, B. M.; Mütsch, Margot

doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2014.10.022

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Conversely, the relative frequency of MV export from countries where measles is no longer endemic is low but slightly increasing (Figure 3). Such countries continue to be affected by occasional outbreaks caused by imported MV [6,30,31,32]. Moreover, the risk of MV import into such countries can increase when vaccination coverage decreases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Transmission Dynamics of Measles in the Measles Elimination Era

Furuse

Oshitani

2017

Viruses

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Although there have been many epidemiological reports of the inter-country transmission of measles, systematic analysis of the global transmission dynamics of the measles virus (MV) is limited. In this study, we applied phylogeographic analysis to characterize the global transmission dynamics of the MV using large-scale genetic sequence data (obtained for 7456 sequences) from 115 countries between 1954 and 2015. These analyses reveal the spatial and temporal characteristics of global transmission of the virus, especially in Australia, China, India, Japan, the UK, and the USA in the period since 1990. The transmission is frequently observed, not only within the same region but also among distant and frequently visited areas. Frequencies of export from measles-endemic countries, such as China, India, and Japan are high but decreasing, while the frequencies from countries where measles is no longer endemic, such as Australia, the UK, and the USA, are low but slightly increasing. The world is heading toward measles eradication, but the disease is still transmitted regionally and globally. Our analysis reveals that countries wherein measles is endemic and those having eliminated the disease (apart from occasional outbreaks) both remain a source of global transmission in this measles elimination era. It is therefore crucial to maintain vigilance in efforts to monitor and eradicate measles globally.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Transmission Dynamics of Measles in the Measles Elimination Era

Furuse

Oshitani

2017

Viruses

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“…Introduction of measles-containing vaccine and global vaccination campaigns have greatly reduced the number of endemic measles cases worldwide (4), but virus circulation continues in many parts of the world and has reemerged in areas where it had been eliminated; the disease remains a risk for unvaccinated travelers (1,2,5). Failure to administer measles-containing vaccine routinely to susceptible people, aided by increasing numbers of parents who choose to delay or not vaccinate their children, has led to an increase in susceptible populations that can become infected and maintain transmission (2,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measles in the 21st Century, a Continuing Preventable Risk to Travelers: Data From the GeoSentinel Global Network

Sotir

Esposito

Barnett³

et al. 2015

Clin Infect Dis.

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“…Increasing levels of international travel do mean that infection due to imported MV may occur (13,14). It is important to prevent viral transmission by these unexpected cases.…”

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confidence: 99%