Measurement and simulation of electrical resistivity of cement-based materials by using embedded four-probe method

Liang, Siming; Du, He; Zou, NingYu; Chen, Yuxuan; Liu, Yuhang

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.129344

Cited by 19 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The electrical resistivity of the specimens was measured by the four-probe method with DC current and embedded electrodes [22]. In this set up, the outer two electrodes were used to supply the electric current flowing through the entire sample and the inner two electrodes were used to measure the corresponding voltage across a given sample length (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel measurement system for self-sensing graphite-cement composites

Al‐Tabbaa

Haigh

2023

MATEC Web Conf.

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Carbon-based conductive fillers have been incorporated into cement matrix to develop smart self-sensing materials with piezoresistive properties. However, accurately measuring the sensing property of the cement composite without compromising its mechanical performance is not easy to achieve in practical engineering. Therefore, in this study, a novel experimental setup for measuring the self-sensing properties of conductive fillers embedded cementitious composites was developed. This multi-functional measurement system is able to measure specimens under compressive and flexural stress with different loading profiles, apply various loading rates, obtain the electrical properties, and measure the strain using both LVDT and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) or Digital Image Correlation (DIC) techniques with all the data synchronised to one file sharing the same time stamp controlled by Python codes. In this study, the piezoresistivity and the performance on damage detection of the cementitious composites with low graphite concentration (5%) in a bulk form were investigated through monotonic compressive and flexural tests. Experiment results include the specimens’ stress, strain and Fractional Change in Resistivity (FCR). Data analysis showed that the set-up and methodology developed in this study are effective to test self-sensing cementitious composites, and the graphite-cement composites used in this study have a stable piezoresistivity and able to detect damage upon failure.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel measurement system for self-sensing graphite-cement composites

Al‐Tabbaa

Haigh

2023

MATEC Web Conf.

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“…It determines the skin depth of the magnetic and electric skin effect [5,6]. The measurement of conductivity is also important in sensing the progress of concrete curing [7,8] and also important in estimating its durability [9]. Not all metal materials can be measured this way and different techniques are used for porous materials [10].…”

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confidence: 99%

Estimation of electrical resistivity of conductive materials of random shapes

Gans,

Molnár,

Kováč

2023

Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics

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Introduction. Electrical resistivity is an important material characteristic in the field of electrical engineering and material science. There are several methods that can be used to measure resistance, like the 4-wire method which relates the resistance to a voltage drop at a given current flow, but to define the resistivity from the resistance value requires an analytical expression for the given system which requires a sufficient mathematical apparatus for describing complicated shapes. Therefore we use finite element method computations to compute the resistivity of a metal material. This approach has been already used for different materials like concrete and aluminum in the past. We then compare this method with an analytical expression that due to intuition could approximate the solution sufficiently. After that, the same material is used again to test the electrical isotropy of the sample. Novelty. A method is developed by combining the results of experimental studies and the results of mathematical modelling of the process of determining the electrical conductivity of metals. The goal is to describe and employ a method of measuring the electrical resistivity of metal objects of random shapes. Using this method, it is possible to measure the resistivity of materials without the need to manufacture them into wires or ribbons. Methods. The solution to the problem was carried out by the finite element method via the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 simulation program in a cartesian coordinate system and the resistance between two points of the metal sample was measured by the 4-wire method. Results. A similar resistance value was obtained when the measuring terminals were placed in different places. The difference between them was within 1,5 % and the obtained values were close to the values given by the literature for the electrical resistivity of electrical steels. Terminal size influences the measured conductivity and a max error of 5,2 % was estimated. Practical value. A method of estimating the resistivity of materials without the need to manufacture them into specific shapes, like wires or ribbons, for which analytical expressions between resistivity and resistance are easily derived.

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