Measurement-Based Characterization and Modeling for Low-Altitude UAV Air-to-Air Channels

Li, Tianyu; Zhang, Zaichen; Jiang, Hao; Qian, Yurong; Liu, Kailin; Dang, Jian; Wu, Liang

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929955

Cited by 35 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As an essential part of the performance evaluation of the aerial communication systems, channel modeling of the aerial communication system is a very hot topic [1,2]. In the past years, aeronautical channel models, including air-to-ground (A2G) channel models [3][4][5][6][7], airto-air (A2A) channel models [8][9][10][11], and satellite-toaircraft (S2A) channel models [12][13][14], have been widely discussed and developed. As emerging applications of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications, precise low-altitude A2A channel modeling attracts interests from the researchers, as in [8][9][10][15][16][17][18]; measurements were also performed in [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical RS-GBSM-Based Nonstationary Low-Altitude Air-to-Air Channel Modeling over Open Area

Wei

Tang

2022

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Aerial communication is very flexible due to almost no restrictions on geographical conditions. In recent years, with the development and application of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the air-to-air communication attracts dense interests from the researchers. More accurate and precise channel modeling for air-to-air communication is a new hot topic because of its essential role in the performance evaluation of the systems. This paper presents an analytical nonstationary regular-shaped geometry-based statistical model for low-altitude air-to-air communication over an open area with considerations on ground scattering. Analytical expressions of the channel impulse response and the autocorrelation functions based on the three-ray model are derived. Based on the assumption of uniform distribution of the ground scatterers, the distributions of the channel coefficients such as time delay and path attenuation are derived, simulated, compared, and fitted. The nonstationary characteristics of the channel are observed through the time-variant distributions of the channel coefficients as well as the time-variant autocorrelated functions and time-variant Doppler power spectrum density.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical RS-GBSM-Based Nonstationary Low-Altitude Air-to-Air Channel Modeling over Open Area

Wei

Tang

2022

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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“…Cui et al [22] presents measurements for Air-to-Ground (A2G) channels across several frequencies. Liu et al [23] characterizes and develops a model for UAV Air-to-Air (A2A) channels with Low-Altitude based on field measurements. the authors from [24] defines a model for high-altitude fixed-wing UAV A2G channel communications between aerial base stations.…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Reliability on UAV Fading Scenarios

et al. 2022

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are the next technology to be incorporated into a telecommunications network to improve command and control on a large scale in both lines of sight (LOS) and non-line of sight (NLOS) conditions. However, there is still room for improvement in terms of reliability. This paper investigates Constant Packet Combining (CPC) and Adaptive Packet Combining (APC) techniques applied to Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) communication in the presence of largescale fading, where the channels are subject to sudden degradation for long periods due to obstructions. We use Single Carrier (SC) Frequency Domain Equalization (FDE) combined with the Iterative Block Decision-Feedback Equalizer (IB-DFE) to handle command and control messages map for UAV use cases. We present closed-form equations for the equalization design and for the perfornance parameters such as Bit Error Rate (BER), the Packet Error Rate (PER), the throughput, the retransmissions amount, the goodput (the transmission rate without the retransmissions quantity), and the outage probability. Then, we analyze the system performance using correlated, independent, and equal channels. There is a trade-off between the overall available power, throughput, and reliability , for instance, more retransmissions result in higher reliability and power consumption and lower goodputs (effective data rates). CPC validates the transmission system and confirms the improvement in BER and PER parameters without energy efficiency optimization. The APC is appealing because it can reduce the number of retransmissions for all channels used with the advantage of meeting energy efficiency requirements by adapting the overall power to the scenario experienced by the UAV.

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“…In the following, we mainly focus on the measurement-based methods, which are summarized in Table 4 [19,[36][37][38][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66]. Specifically, single-input-multiple-output (SIMO) channel measurements in the urban, suburban, hilly, and over sea scenarios on L-(970 MHz) and C-band (5 GHz) by using manned aircraft and transportable tower system on a trailer were provided in [51][52][53], respectively.…”

Section: Communication Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, fixed-wing UAV was adopted in channel measurement [51-53, 56, 66]. FPGA was adopted in [56], Raspberry Pi 3b was used in [59], and Rohde-Schwarz radio scanner was utilized in [63].…”

Section: Communication Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of prototype and experiment for UAV communications

Song

Zeng

et al. 2021

Sci. China Inf. Sci.

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Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications have attracted significant attention from both academia and industry. To facilitate the large-scale usage of UAVs for various applications in practice, we provide a comprehensive survey on the prototype and experiment for UAV communications. To this end, we first provide an overview on the general architecture of the prototype and experiment for UAV communications, and then present experimental verification for air-to-ground channel models and UAV energy consumption models. Next, we discuss measurement experiments on two promising paradigms of UAV communications, namely cellular-connected UAVs and UAV-enabled aerial communication platforms. For the former, we focus on the feasibility study and address the interference mitigation issue. For UAV-enabled aerial communication platforms, we present three scenarios, namely UAV-enabled aerial base stations, UAVenabled aerial relays and UAV-enabled aerial data collection/dissemination. Finally, we point out some promising future directions for prototype and experimental measurements of UAV communications.

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Measurement-Based Characterization and Modeling for Low-Altitude UAV Air-to-Air Channels

Cited by 35 publications

References 29 publications

Analytical RS-GBSM-Based Nonstationary Low-Altitude Air-to-Air Channel Modeling over Open Area

Analytical RS-GBSM-Based Nonstationary Low-Altitude Air-to-Air Channel Modeling over Open Area

Increasing Reliability on UAV Fading Scenarios

A survey of prototype and experiment for UAV communications

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