Measurement by radioimmunoassay of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein from brown adipose tissue of obese (ob/ob) mice and Zucker (fa/fa) rats at different ages

Ashwell, Margaret; Holt, S.J.; Jennings, G.; Stirling, Dorothy M.; Trayhurn, Paul; York, David A.

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(85)80525-1

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…2-fold after 1 day and 3-fold after 5 days, when rats were housed at 4°C, compared with the normal housing temperature of 22°C, supporting the hypothesis (Rial & Nichols, 1984) (Rial & Nicholls, 1984 (Desautels et al, 1978). Subsequent investigations using specific immunoassays for the uncoupling protein on the acute responses to refeeding after starvation for 48 h have also demonstrated this acute unmasking of GDP-binding sites (Trayhurn & Jennings, 1986), as have our previous studies on young obese rodents (Ashwell et al, 1985). (Hogan & Himms-Hagen, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The decrease in GDP binding in the obese rats may be related to the lack of BAT sympathetic stimulation that has been demonstrated in these animals . At 7 weeks of age this decrease in GDP binding reflected a fall in uncoupling-protein concentration in the mitochondria, although in young animals a masking of binding sites has been observed (Ashwell et al, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In the younger animal, however, the decrease in GDP binding is thought to be attributed to a masking of the uncoupling protein (Ashwell et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of GDP binding and uncoupling-protein concentration in brown-adipose-tissue mitochondria. The effects of cold-acclimation, warm-reacclimation and noradrenaline

Peachey

French

York

1988

Biochemical Journal

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We have used a specific immunoassay for uncoupling protein and [3H]GDP binding to study the acute and chronic responses of brown-adipose-tissue (BAT) mitochondria of warm-acclimated rats to housing at 4°C and cold-acclimated rats to housing at 27 'C. These studies have shown the following. (1) In the coldexposed rat the increase in mitochondrial uncoupling-protein concentration parallels the increase in GDP binding from 1 day to 5 days, but that acutely (initial 4 h) the increase in GDP binding is not associated with any change in uncoupling-protein concentration. 2. In the cold-acclimated rat rehoused at 27 'C, GDP binding fell by over 50 % in the first 2 days, without any change in uncoupling-protein concentrations. 3. Noradrenaline acutely (30 min) increased BAT mitochondrial GDP binding of lean and obese Zucker rats, without any change in uncoupling-protein concentrations. 4. The increases in GDP binding in cold-exposed rats were associated with increases in the rate of swelling of mitochondria in the presence of valinomycin and potassium acetate. The evidence supports the hypothesis that the acute response of the rat to changes in environmental temperature are associated with unmasking or remasking of uncoupling protein, whereas chronically changes in uncoupling-protein concentration predominate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Regulation of GDP binding and uncoupling-protein concentration in brown-adipose-tissue mitochondria. The effects of cold-acclimation, warm-reacclimation and noradrenaline

Peachey

French

York

1988

Biochemical Journal

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“…It is interesting that the BAT was significantly larger in OLETF pups compared with controls only on PND7. BAT has been reported to become hypertrophic under several conditions, with overfeeding being one of them (4,25,37). At this age, OLETF pups also presented greater white fat percentages and adipocytes and higher leptin levels compared with controls, a profile resembling adult-like differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Toward an animal model of childhood-onset obesity: follow-up of OLETF rats during pregnancy and lactation

Schroêder

Shbiro

Zagoory‐Sharon

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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A. Toward an animal model of childhood-onset obesity: follow-up of OLETF rats during pregnancy and lactation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 296: R224 -R232, 2009. First published November 26, 2008 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.90697.2008.-The Otsuka LongEvans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat model of obesity (a spontaneous CCK1 receptor knockout) has been extensively studied as model of hyperphagia-induced obesity. In previous studies, young OLETF rats presented abnormal eating patterns [compared with Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) controls] in a variety of independent ingestion and nursing tests during the suckling period. The aim of the present study was to characterize the early emergence of abnormal adiposity in the pups. Moreover, because both the dams and the pups present the genetic mutation, a close follow-up of the dams' body weight and intake during pregnancy and lactation was performed to examine the circumstances that contribute to build up the pups' early adiposity. Compared with controls, OLETF pups presented higher fat levels, larger adipocytes, and increased waist circumference as early as postnatal day 7 and this profile persisted to the age of weaning. While LETO dams gained weight throughout pregnancy and lactation, OLETF dams were obese and hyperphagic during pregnancy but lost weight during lactation, probably as a result of rearing hyperphagic pups. Current and previous results suggest a possible influence of the dams' obesity during gestation and a high investment in nursing time during lactation on the pups' obesity levels during childhood. This, combined with the innate hyperphagia repeatedly observed in the pups at these early ages, makes the OLETF strain a useful tool in the research of childhood-onset obesity.overeating; animal models; gestation; feeding OBESITY IS A GROWING PUBLIC health concern that has reached epidemic proportions in Western societies in the last few decades (27). Although much research has already been conducted on obesity by using animal models, investigations have usually focused on adult males, leaving a gap regarding childhood and female obesity. In many cases, early symptoms can be detected during "preobese" stages, where interventions could be more successful in reaching perdurable outcomes. Given the permanent upward resetting of body weight set point that takes place when genetically predisposed individuals become obese, the identification of the early factors that can help understand and prevent obesity might be the key to control the spread of the obesity epidemic (1,5,6,33,36).Maternal obesity during pregnancy and lactation have been found to influence the offspring in the long term, predisposing them to develop larger fat pads and higher leptin and glucose levels later in life, especially in the presence of a genetic tendency (23, 30). Maternal obesity can also predispose offspring to obesity for generations to come (15,47). In a study on mice, females fed a palatable obesogenic diet throughout pregnancy and lactation produced obese offspring presenting...

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“…Therefore, chronic cold exposure of adult guinea-pigs stimulates reactivation of BAT, but when coldexposed guinea-pigs are returned to a warm environment the activity of the tissue rapidly declines. This process begins with decreased GDP binding and remasking of UCP (Ashwell et al 1986) and ends with loss of mitochondrial enzyme activity and accumulation of triglycerides (B. R. Holloway, unpublished results), such that the depot resembles WAT again.…”

Section: Reactivation Of Bat In the Guinea-pigmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactivation of brown adipose tissue

Holloway¹

1989

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Measurement by radioimmunoassay of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein from brown adipose tissue of obese (ob/ob) mice and Zucker (fa/fa) rats at different ages

Cited by 45 publications

References 32 publications

Regulation of GDP binding and uncoupling-protein concentration in brown-adipose-tissue mitochondria. The effects of cold-acclimation, warm-reacclimation and noradrenaline

Regulation of GDP binding and uncoupling-protein concentration in brown-adipose-tissue mitochondria. The effects of cold-acclimation, warm-reacclimation and noradrenaline

Toward an animal model of childhood-onset obesity: follow-up of OLETF rats during pregnancy and lactation

Reactivation of brown adipose tissue

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