Measurement of cosmic radiation dose to air crew connecting for a typical polar route flight

Tuo, Fei; Zhou, Li-An; Xu, Chen; Yao, Yongxiang; Ren, Tong; Zhou, Qiang

doi:10.1007/s10967-012-1775-1

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The amount of exposure of aviation crew members to ionizing radiation due to natural cosmic radiation is determined by such factors as the type of flight, flight time, flight altitude, and flight latitude. Civil aircrafts are is generally exposed to radiation with an average range of 2.0 to 5.2 μSv/h depending on the route and method of measurement 38 . Therefore, the relatively high dose of radiation exposure of aviation crews is cumulative and can adversely affect the health of crew members.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-layered fiber for lightweight flexible clothing providing shielding from low-dose natural radiation

Kim

Son

2021

Sci Rep

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Natural and medical radiation are the most frequent sources of daily low-dose radiation exposure for the general public, but these radiation levels are generally acceptable. Among various occupations, aviation crew members and medical workers are exposed to high levels of radiation from scattered rays. This study focused on developing clothing for shielding aviation crew members from natural radiation during air travel. Materials were selected considering their radiation-shielding properties. A tungsten double-layered composite yarn and a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber fabric containing BaSO4 were manufactured. The characteristics and shielding performances of the products were analyzed. Prototypes of a protective scarf (for shielding the thyroid gland) and apron (for shielding the torso) for flight attendants were produced. A lightweight fabric was produced that neither restricts the movement of the wearer nor causes them skin discomfort. The shielding performances of the tungsten composite and PET fiber fabrics containing BaSO4 were 0.018 mmPb and 0.03 mmPb, respectively, demonstrating low-dose shielding that may be useful for protecting aviation crew members from scattered rays. The characteristics of the developed fibers are comparable to those of materials used in clothing production; therefore, low-dose radiation-shielding clothing could be manufactured for use in aviation, medical, and other industries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-layered fiber for lightweight flexible clothing providing shielding from low-dose natural radiation

Kim

Son

2021

Sci Rep

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“…The shielding effect of Earth's atmosphere and magnetic field against cosmic radi- ation is stronger at the equator at lower altitudes and weaker at the poles at higher altitudes. Consequently, terrestrial inhabitants are largely insulated from the biological impacts of cosmic radiation (Tuo et al, 2012). The FAA regards aircrews as occupational radiation workers because aircrews always absorb a significant amount of cosmic radiation when flying at high altitudes with inadequate atmospheric protection (Bagshaw, 2008).…”

Section: Excessive Cosmic Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Economic Costs of the 2003 Halloween Storm Effects on the North Hemisphere Aviation Using Flight Data in 2019

et al. 2023

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The study of space weather is increasingly important as space weather can affect a vast array of technologies and activities in space and on Earth, including Critical National Infrastructure (CNI) systems such as power grids (Watari, 2015), the oil and gas industry (Viljanen et al., 2006), communications (Kelly et al., 2014, ground transportation (Eroshenko et al., 2010), satellite infrastructure (Loto'aniu et al., 2015), and Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) (Humphreys et al., 2010). The Sun is the ultimate cause of space weather, which occasionally erupts solar flares (Svestka, 2012), Coronal Mass Ejections (CME) (Webb & Howard, 2012), and Solar Energetic Particles (SEP) (Ryan et al., 2000). The interaction between CME and the Earth's magnetic field can produce major geomagnetic storms (Gonzalez et al., 1999). Radio blackouts, solar radiation storms, and geomagnetic storms are recognized as the three fundamental types of space weather (Eastwood et al., 2017

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“…The cosmic radiation intensity is related to altitude, geomagnetic latitude, and solar activity (Yang & Sheu, 2020). Generally, people on the ground are protected against cosmic radiation because the Earth's atmosphere and magnetic field can shield the Earth's surface from cosmic radiation, with the protective effect being greatest at the equator at lower altitudes and weakest toward the poles at higher altitudes (Tuo et al., 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimized Solution to Long‐Distance Flight Routes Under Extreme Cosmic Radiation

et al. 2022

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During extraordinary space weather, cosmic radiation can be significant enough to pose a threat to aircrew health. Traditional methods of reducing massive cosmic radiation exposure include flight cancellation, lowering flying altitudes, and flight rerouting. However, flight cancellation can result in additional financial expenditures, while lowering flight altitudes and rerouting can consequently cause more fuel consumption or even violation of airspace rights. As a result, we use a multi‐objective optimization model to assign optimal flight altitude and speed to reduce the overall weighted sum of cosmic radiation and fuel consumption. The simulation scenario is based on a space weather event with dramatically increased cosmic radiation that occurs during a routine international flight from Tokyo to London. Our results show that the proposed model can reduce fuel consumption while satisfying cosmic radiation limits recommended by the Council of the European Union if the forecasts of cosmic radiation are sufficiently accurate. In addition, a Pareto frontier is provided as a tactical air traffic management guideline. Our study provides insight into future policymaking for air transportation during harsh space weather conditions.

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Measurement of cosmic radiation dose to air crew connecting for a typical polar route flight

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Double-layered fiber for lightweight flexible clothing providing shielding from low-dose natural radiation

Double-layered fiber for lightweight flexible clothing providing shielding from low-dose natural radiation

Examining the Economic Costs of the 2003 Halloween Storm Effects on the North Hemisphere Aviation Using Flight Data in 2019

An Optimized Solution to Long‐Distance Flight Routes Under Extreme Cosmic Radiation

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