Measurement of Cyclic Variation of the Air-to-Fuel Ratio of Exhaust Gas in an SI Engine by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Ikeda, Yuji; Kawahara, Nobuyuki

doi:10.3390/en15093053

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

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“…Recently, LIBS has been applied to the research on the automobile exhaust and wastewater [8]. For instance, Ikeda et al measured the cyclic variation of the air-to-fuel ratio of exhaust gas in an SI engine [9], and Minchero et al surveyed the recycling material in the wastewater [10]. Moreover, LIBS technology is also widely used in the medical field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Dynamic Monitoring of Indoor Air Quality Based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Machine Learning

et al. 2022

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The air quality of the living area influences human health to a certain extent. Therefore, it is particularly important to detect the quality of indoor air. However, traditional detection methods mainly depend on chemical analysis, which has long been criticized for its high time cost. In this research, a rapid air detection method for the indoor environment using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and machine learning was proposed. Four common scenes were simulated, including burning carbon, burning incense, spraying perfume and hot shower which often led to indoor air quality changes. Two steps of spectral measurements and algorithm analysis were used in the experiment. Moreover, the proposed method was found to be effective in distinguishing different kinds of aerosols and presenting sensitivity to the air compositions. In this paper, the signal was isolated by the forest, so the singular values were filtered out. Meanwhile, the spectra of different scenarios were analyzed via the principal component analysis (PCA), and the air environment was classified by K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm with an accuracy of 99.2%. Moreover, based on the establishment of a high-precision quantitative detection model, a back propagation (BP) neural network was introduced to improve the robustness and accuracy of indoor environment. The results show that by taking this method, the dynamic prediction of elements concentration can be realized, and its recognition accuracy is 96.5%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Dynamic Monitoring of Indoor Air Quality Based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Machine Learning

et al. 2022

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Review of hydrogen–gasoline SI dual fuel engines: Engine performance and emission

et al. 2023

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Schlieren imaging and spectroscopic approximation of the rotational–vibrational temperatures of a microwave discharge igniter with a resonating cavity

Ikeda¹,

Ofosu

2022

Appl. Opt.

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A microwave discharge igniter (MDI) with a resonating cavity was developed and optimized for practical applications in an internal combustion engine. In contrast to the typical microwave ignition, the resonating cavity of the MDI induces a discharge through dielectric resonance. Its source of microwave (MW) is a 2.45 GHz semiconductor oscillator that is capable of numerous oscillation patterns. To verify and demonstrate the optimum ignition performance and combustion, we varied the oscillation parameters (signal factors) of the MW to optimize the performance of the MDI using the Taguchi method. Plasma spectroscopy was used for ignition condition analysis. Two sets of microwave pulses, a first pulse followed by a second set of pulse bursts, were used to ignite a propane–air fuel. The flame kernel growth rate and O I species generation were used as the response outputs, which were obtained, respectively from Schlieren imaging and emission spectroscopy experiments. The extended pulse periods and higher MW pulse numbers of the second set of pulses improved the response outputs of the MDI. To further analyze the effect of MW oscillation patterns on plasma properties and performance, measurements were done on MW superimposed operation with the high-voltage ignition from spark plugs. The MW transmission on a typical spark plug enhanced the air plasma ignition. Higher input MW energy and more extended MW pulse widths results in increased spectral intensity and radical generation of OH, O, and N 2 . An inverse relation between the temperature and spectral intensity functions of the MW pulse width was observed, which was attributed to the cutoff density of the MW-enhanced plasma.

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Measurement of Cyclic Variation of the Air-to-Fuel Ratio of Exhaust Gas in an SI Engine by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Analysis and Dynamic Monitoring of Indoor Air Quality Based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Machine Learning

Analysis and Dynamic Monitoring of Indoor Air Quality Based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Machine Learning

Review of hydrogen–gasoline SI dual fuel engines: Engine performance and emission

Schlieren imaging and spectroscopic approximation of the rotational–vibrational temperatures of a microwave discharge igniter with a resonating cavity

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